TABLE 1—
Country | Population in 2005 | Estimated IDUs |
Bacterial Infections |
Summary of Responses to Request for Further Information on IDU Cases | References | |||||||||
Range | Central Estimate, No. | Year | Method | Botulism, No. | Tetanus, No. | Clostridium noyvi, No. | Anthrax, No. | Total No. | Rate/ Million People | Rate/ 1000 IDUs | ||||
Austria | 8 206 524 | 12 000–23 000 | NA | 2000 | MM | 0 | 0 | 0 | No cases reporteda | |||||
Belgium | 10 445 852 | 23 200–28 400 | NA | 1997 | HM | 0 | 0 | 0 | No cases reportedb | |||||
Bulgaria | 7 761 049 | No data on injecting status | ||||||||||||
Croatia | 4 443 901 | 2521–4167 | 3145 | 2009 | MM | 0 | 0 | 0 | No cases reported | |||||
Cyprus | 749 175 | 379–646 | 481 | 2009 | OT | 0 | 0 | 0 | No cases reported | |||||
Czech Republic | 10 220 577 | 34 200–36 400 | 35 300 | 2009 | TM | 0 | 0 | 0 | No cases reported | |||||
Denmark | 5 411 405 | 10 066–16 821 | 12 754 | 2006 | CR | 0 | 0 | 0 | No cases reported | |||||
Estonia | 1 347 510 | 8132–34 443 | 13 886 | 2004 | CR | 0 | 0 | 0 | No cases reported | |||||
Finland | 5 236 611 | 12 200–19 700 | 15 650 | 2002 | OT | 0 | 0 | 0 | No cases reported | |||||
France | 62 637 596 | NA | 122 000 | 1999 | HM | 0 | 0 | 0 | No cases reported | |||||
Germany | 82 500 849 | 78 000–110 500 | NA | 2005 | MM | 21 | 1 | 22 | 0.27 | 0.20–0.28 | Botulism: 4 more cases | 12–17 | ||
Greece | 11 082 751 | 8999–12 713 | 10 658 | 2009 | CR | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0.27 | 0.24–0.33 | Botulism: 1 case; tetanus: 2 casesc | |||
Hungary | 10 097 549 | NA | 5699 | 2008–2009 | OT | 0 | 0 | 0 | No cases reportedd | |||||
Ireland | 4 109 173 | 4694–7884 | NA | 1996 | MM | 9 | 22 | 31 | 7.54 | 3.9–6.6 | No additional cases | 18–20 | ||
Italy | 58 462 375 | NA | 326 000 | 1996 | HM | 2 | 2 | 0.03 | 0.0061 | Botulism: 2 cases | ||||
Latvia | 2 306 434 | 0 | 0 | No cases reported | ||||||||||
Lithuania | 3 425 324 | 0 | 0 | No cases reportede | ||||||||||
Luxembourg | 461 230 | 1253–1919 | 1485 | 2007 | OT | Unable to provide data | ||||||||
Malta | 402 668 | 0 | 0 | No cases reported | ||||||||||
The Netherlands | 16 305 526 | 2336–2444 | 2390 | 2008 | TM | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0.12 | 0.82–0.86 | No additional cases | 21,22 | ||
Norway | 4 606 363 | 8 810–12 480 | 10 238 | 2008 | MM | 5 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 1.52 | 0.56–0.79 | Botulism: 4 more cases | 23 | |
Poland | 38 173 835 | 0 | 0 | No cases reportedf | ||||||||||
Portugal | 10 529 255 | 13 183–16 285 | NA | 2005 | TM | 0 | 0 | 0 | No cases reported | |||||
Romania | 21 658 528 | 0 | 0 | No cases reported | ||||||||||
Slovakia | 5 384 822 | 13 732–34 343 | 18 841 | 2006 | TM | 0 | 0 | 0 | No cases reported | |||||
Slovenia | 1 997 590 | NA | 7320 | 2001 | OT | 0 | 0 | 0 | No cases reported | |||||
Spain | 43 038 035 | NA | 83 972g | 1998 | MM | 0 | 0 | 0 | No cases reported | |||||
Sweden | 9 011 392 | 0 | 0 | No cases reported | ||||||||||
United Kingdom | 60 059 900 | 143 298–156 017 | 147 900 | 2006–2007 | OT | 160 | 34 | 93 | 13 | 300 | 5.00 | 1.9–2.1 | Not applicable | |
Totalh | 491 851 520 | 199 | 37 | 116 | 15 | 367 | 0.75 | |||||||
Totalh (excluding UK) | 431 791 620 | 39 | 3 | 23 | 2 | 67 | 0.16 |
Note. CR = capture recapture; EMCDDA = European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction; HM = HIV multiplier; IDU = injecting drug user; MM = mortality multiplier; NA = not available; OT = other or multiple methods; TM = treatment multiplier.
Source. Estimates of numbers of IDUs are from the EMCDDA.24
No cases reported through the Austrian early warning system.
Data from 2006–2009.
Data from 2003–2009, drug user or IDU. Data on drug use not systematically collected.
Data from 2004–2009 for tetanus, and from 2006–2009 for botulism.
No information on these infections occurring among injecting drug users.
Drug use not routinely collected; however, in all known cases, other routes were implicated.
Opiate injectors only.
Excluding Bulgaria and Luxembourg.