Ethylene growth response kinetics in dark-grown shoots of various eudicots. Seedlings were grown in air 1 h before 10 µL L−1 ethylene was applied (downward arrow). Ethylene was removed 2 h later (upward arrow), and seedlings allowed to grow another 3 h. The growth rate was normalized to the growth rate in the 1-h air pretreatment. A, Arabidopsis, canola, and kale. B, Two cultivars of tomato. C, Poppy and beetberry. In B and C, responses of Arabidopsis seedlings are shown in gray for comparison. Data represent the average ± sem of at least five seedlings.