Table 3.

Association between readiness, importance and confidence and drinking and smoking at six months

Readiness, importance, and confidence to change drinking	Number of drinks/week		Number of binge drinking episodes/month
	IRR (95%CI)	p	IRR (95%CI)	p
Readiness (reference group: low)
Medium	0.92 (0.74, 1.13)	0.40	0.99 (0.78, 1.24)	0.91
High	1.07 (0.86, 1.34)	0.53	1.08 (0.85, 1.38)	0.52
	IRR (95%CI)	p	IRR (95%CI)	p
Importance (reference group: low)
Medium	1.11 (0.87, 1.42)	0.40	1.11 (0.85, 1.45)	0.43
High	1.00 (0.70, 1.45)	0.98	1.07 (0.71, 1.60)	0.75
	IRR (95%CI)	p	IRR (95%CI)	p
Confidence (reference group: low)
Medium	0.84 (0.66, 1.08)	0.18	0.82 (0.62, 1.06)	0.13
High	0.80 (0.65, 0.98)	0.03	0.74 (0.59, 0.92)	0.008
Readiness, importance, and confidence to change smoking	Number of cigarettes/smoking day
	IRR (95%CI)	p	IRR (95%CI)	p
Readiness (reference group: low)
Medium	1.03 (0.88, 1.20)	0.73
High	0.98 (0.81, 1.18)	0.79
	IRR (95%CI)	p	IRR (95%CI)	p
Importance (reference group: low)
Medium	0.99 (0.85, 1.15)	0.92
High	1.08 (0.91, 1.28)	0.36
	IRR (95%CI)	p	IRR (95%CI)	p
Confidence (reference group: low)
Medium	0.96 (0.82, 1.13)	0.62
High	0.91 (0.77, 1.08)	0.29

IRR: incidence rate ratio.

All models were negative binomial regression models. Analyses conducted for subjects with unhealthy alcohol use were adjusted for receipt of brief intervention, drinking at baseline (number of drinks per day or number of binge drinking episodes per month) and smoking status at baseline. Analyses conducted for subjects with smoking were adjusted for receipt of brief intervention, smoking at baseline (number of cigarettes per smoking day), and presence of unhealthy alcohol use at baseline.

For readiness, importance and confidence: low (1–4), medium (5–7), high (8–10), recoded from 1–10.