Table 1. Characteristics of studies included in this meta-analysis.

First author	Year	Location	Patient and control	Method	RASSF1A(M/U)b		pTNMa(M/U)b		Grade(M/U)b
					case	control	≤ T1	≥ T2	Low-grade	High-grade
Pi-Che Chen	2011	Taiwan	Tissue samples from 104 bladder UC patients and paired voided urinefrom 30 patients were collected (mdian age 70. 5years, range 40–92). 19 urinesamples from Age-and sex-matched non-cancer controls	QMSP	9/21	3/16	26/56	16/6	5/29	37/33
Reza R.	2011	Denmark	tumor tissue from 105 patients and voided urine samples from 101paired urine samples. median age 70. 2 years (range 39–91)Urine samples werealso collected from 33 control patients (median age67. 7 years, range 30–91 years)	QMSP	18/83	0/33	25/61	6/13	-	-
Hui-Hui Lin	2010	Taiwan	tissues and 100 ml preoperative urine were sampled from 57 patients.(median age 64, range 39–90) Urine specimens were also taken from 20 healthycontrols.	MSP	37/20	0/20	25/7	17/8	16/3	26/12
Priscilla D Negraes	2008	Brazil	39 archived tumor fragments and 23 washouts from bladder washingsof patients (median age of 67. 85 years, ranging from 40 to 90years) and acontrol group included 24 urinary bladder washings from patients withoutany bladder tumor history	MSP	8/8	5/19	-	-	3/18	8/20
Sonata Jarmalaite	2008	Finland	Tumor tissues from 58 bladder cancer patients with a mean age of66 years (range: 37–85) and 3 healthy control tissues	MSP	36/22	0/5	11/27	10/10	1/9	16/22
jian yu	2007	china	urine sediments from 132 bladder cancer patients, 23 age-matchedpatients with noncancerous urinary lesions, 6 neurologic diseases,and 7 healthy volunteers.	MSP	47/85	2/34	-	-	-	-
DR Yates	2006	UK	Urine samples were obtained prospectively from 35 UC patients with a new diagnosis of UC had a median age of 75 years (range 54–92) and 34 healthy volunteers under the age of 40 years	QMSP	18/17	9/25	-	-	-	-
Essel Dulaimi,	2004	USA	tumor tissue and urine from 45 patients (age, 37–85 years) Urine control specimens from 12 normal, healthy individuals and 9 patients with earlyurinary disease	MSP	18/27	0/21	15/7	8/9	2/2	21/20
Michael W. Y	2003	Hong Kong	40 bladder tumor tissues samples and 14 urine samples were collected from patients had a median age of 70 years (range 47–87) and 10 normal voidedurine sediments from age- and gender-match control	MSP	7/7	0/10	7/29	10/10	1/9	16/14
Min-Goo Lee	2001	Korea	Fifty-five primary bladder carcinomas and 15 age- and gender-match normal bladder tissues were obtained from 55 bladder cancer patients and15 noncancer patients	MSP	31/24	0/15	-	-	-	-

MSP, methylati on specific PCR; QMSP, quantitative methylation specific PCR. pTNM (p, pathologic stage; T, tumor size; N, node status; M, metastatic status) Tumor grade ≤1 was defined as low-grade, and tumor grade ≥2 was defined as high-grade.

^ap, pathologic stage; T, tumor size; N, node status; M, metastatic status;

^bRASSF1A methylated/RASSF1A unmethylated.