Table 2.
Analysis of mRNA expression levels in the mammary tumor of NMU-treated rats
| Control | α-T | δ-T | γ-T | γ-TmT | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Apoptotic Markers | |||||
| BAX | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.4 ± 0.1 | 1.5 ± 0.1 | 1.4 ± 0.2 |
| Bcl2 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 0.5 ± 0.1b | 0.6 ± 0.1a | 0.6 ± 0.1a | 0.4 ± 0.1b |
| XIAP | 1.0 ± 0.4 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.1 |
|
Cell Proliferation, Survival, and Cycle | |||||
| PCNA | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.7 ± 0.1 | 0.7± 0.1 |
| PKCα | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.2 |
| PTEN | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.4 ± 0.2 | 2.0 ± 0.4a | 2.1 ± 0.3a | 1.6 ± 0.3a |
| Myc | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.6 ± 0.1 | 0.7 ± 0.1 |
| p53 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.2 |
| p21 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.1a | 1.4 ± 0.1a | 1.5 ± 0.2a |
| p27 | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 1.8 ± 0.2a | 2.0 ± 0.4a | 2.1 ± 0.3b | 2.5 ± 0.3c |
| Cyclin D1 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | 0.7 ± 0.3 |
|
Nuclear Receptors | |||||
| ERα | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.6 ± 0.0a | 0.7 ± 0.1 | 0.5 ± 0.1a |
| ERβ | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.6 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.2 |
| PPARγ | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.5 ± 0.3 | 1.8 ± 0.2a | 2.1 ± 0.2b | 1.9 ± 0.1a |
|
Nrf2 Pathway | |||||
| Nrf2 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.1 |
| Keap1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 |
|
Phase II Detoxifying Enzymes | |||||
| NQO1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 1.4 ± 0.1 |
| GClm | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 2.8 ± 0.9a | 2.5 ± 0.2a | 2.8 ± 0.5a | 2.9 ± 0.4a |
| GSTm1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.6 ± 0.2a | 1.5 ± 0.1a | 1.7 ± 0.1a | 2.0 ± 0.5a |
| Ugt1A1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.8 ± 0.3b | 1.7 ± 0.2a | 1.7 ± 0.2a | 1.8 ± 0.4a |
| COMT | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.3 |
|
Antioxidant Enzymes | |||||
| SOD1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 1.4 ± 0.2 |
| HO-1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.1 |
| GPx | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.4 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.6 ± 0.2a | 1.5 ± 0.2 |
| TXN1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 1.3 ± 0.2 |
| Catalase | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 |
NMU-treated Sprague-Dawley rats were administered 0.3% α-, δ-, γ-tocopherol (T), or γ-TmT in the diet. A mammary tumor from each rat was analyzed for mRNA levels by quantitative PCR and normalized by GAPDH. The values (fold-induction) are represented as mean ± S.E (n=6-8 per group);
a
p<0.05,
b
p<0.01,
c
p<0.001.