Table 2.

Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of typhoid fever diagnostic tests when used on patients with axillary temperatures of ≥38.5°C (using a composite reference standard of blood culture and real-time PCR as the comparator)

Test	% (95% confidence interval)
	Sensitivity	Specificity	PPV	NPV
Tubex	52.0 (32.4–71.6)	90.6 (86.0–95.1)	0.464 (0.280–0.649)	0.923 (0.881–0.965)
TyphiDot	64.0 (45.2–82.8)	81.8 (75.8–87.8)	0.356 (0.226–0.495)	0.935 (0.894–0.976)
TR-02	92.0 (81.4–100.3)	85.5 (80.1–91.0)	0.500 (0.356–0.644)	0.986 (0.966–1.01)
Widal (titer, 160)	40.0 (20.8–59.2)	97.5 (95.1–99.9)	0.714 (0.478–0.951)	0.912 (0.869–0.954)