Table 4.
Prevalence of HIV-1-specific cellular responses among HESN and low-risk controls in previously published studies ordered from lowest to highest prevalence in each category
| Study | HESN |
Low-risk controls |
Assay | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Prevalence (%) | n | Prevalence (%) | ||
| Exposed, uninfected individuals | |||||
| Makedonas et al. (32) | 47 | 28 | 19 | 0 | Peptide CD8 IFN-γ ELISpot |
| Goh et al. (14) | 36 | 36 | 15 | 7 | Recombinant VV-CTLa precursor frequency |
| Bernard et al. (4) | 17 | 41 | 14 | 0 | Recombinant VV-CTL |
| Missale et al. (36) | 3 | 67 | NRb | 0 | Peptide CD8 IFN-γ Elispot and ICSc |
| Commercial sex workers | |||||
| Kaul et al. (25) | 39 | 21 | 0 | Recombinant VV-CTL | |
| Rowland-Jones et al. (43) | 9 | 33 | 14 | 0 | Peptide CTL |
| Alimonti et al. (2) | 13 | 39 | 0 | Peptide CD8 IFN-γ ICS | |
| Kaul et al. (24) | 91 | 47 | 18 | 0 | Peptide CD8 IFN-γ ELISpot |
| Rowland-Jones et al. (44) | 21 | 48 | 6 | 0 | Peptide CTL |
| Kaul et al. (23) | 16 | 69 | 7 | 0 | Peptide CD8 IFN-γ ELISpot |
| Discordant couples | |||||
| Addo et al. (1) | 28 | 0 | 15 | 0 | Peptide IFN-γ ICS |
| Ritchie et al. (42) | 16 | 0 | 21 | 0 | Peptide IFN-γ ELISpot |
| Perez et al. (39) | 23 | 13 | 13 | 0 | Peptide IFN-γ ELISpot and ICS |
| Kebba et al. (26) | 28 | 20 | 12 | 0 | Peptide IFN-γ ELISpot |
| Shacklett et al. (47) | 8 | 38 | 5 | 0 | Peptide IFN-γ ELISpot using dendritic cell presentation |
| Skurnick et al. (48) | 17 | 41 | 20 | NR | Recombinant VV-IFN-γ ELISpot |
| Bienzle et al. (5) | 11 | 45 | 6 | 0 | Peptide CTL |
| Promadej et al. (40) | 18 | 50 | 12 | 0 | Recombinant VV-IFN-γ ELISpot |
| Schenal et al. (45) | 15 | >50 | 8 | 12.5 | Peptide IFN-γ ICS |
| Ritchie et al. (42) | 24 | 53 to 61 | 27 | 26 to 44 | Cultured IFN-γ ELISpot |
| Kebba et al. (27) | 10 | 75 | 5 | 0 | Antigen CD4 ICS |
| Infants born to HIV-1-infected mothers | |||||
| John-Stewart et al. (19) | 217 | 12–22 | 20 | 0 | Peptide CD8 IFN-γ ELISpot |
| Schramm et al. (46) | 106 | 13 | 20 | 0 | Peptide IL-2d production ELISA |
| Clerici et al. (9) | 8 | 38 | 7 | 0 | Peptide CD8 IFN-γ ELISpot |
a
VV-CTL, vaccinia virus CTL.
b
NR, not reported.
c
ICS, intracellular cytokine staining.
d
IL-2, interleukin-2.