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. 2012 Nov 7;103(9):1870–1879. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2012.09.018

Scheme 1.

Scheme 1

Schematic representation of the ceramide analogs used in this study. The ceramides differed in the length of the sphingoid base (12, 14, 16, 18, or 20 carbon atoms) that was based on the sphing-4-enine (sphingosine) structure. All ceramides contained palmitic acid as the N-linked acyl chain.