Table 2.
Pattern of Emergence of Resistance Mutations Among 12 Participants With N348I at Virologic Failure
| Participant | Single-Dose NVP | NNRTI | Before Therapy (Week 0) | Earliest Available Sample (Week)a | Confirmed Virologic Failure (Week)b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | EFV | None | M184V (48) | K103N, M184V, N348I (96) |
| 2 | No | EFV | K103K/N, Y181C/Y, G190A/G | V90I, K103N, M184V (24) | V90I, K101E/K, K103N, M184V, N348I/N (36) |
| 3 | No | EFV | None | K103N (96) | K103N, V108I, M184V, N348I (132) |
| 4 | Yes | EFV | None | K103K/N (48) | K103N, M184V, N348I/N (84) |
| 5 | No | NVP | None | V106M/V, M184V, Y188C, N348I/N (24) | A98G, K101E/K, Y181C, M184V, N348I/N (84) |
| 6 | No | NVP | None | V106A/V, Y188C/Y (96) | Y181C, M184V, N348I (144) |
| 7 | No | NVP | None | V106A, M184V (24) | V106A, M184V, N348I/N (36) |
| 8 | No | NVP | K103N, E138A | K103N, E138A, M184V, N348I (48) | K103N, E138A, M184V, N348I/N (60) |
| 9 | No | NVP | None | K103K/N (4) | K103N, M184V, N348I (24) |
| 10 | Yes | NVP | K103K/N, V106M/V | K103K/N, Y181C/Y (4) | K103K/N, M184V, N348I/N (24) |
| 11 | Yes | NVP | None | K103K/N (12) | K103N, Y181C, M184V, N348I/N (36) |
| 12 | Yes | NVP | None | K103K/N, M184M/V, N348I/N (72) | K103N, M184V, G190A/G, N348I/N (84) |
Abbreviations: EFV, efavirenz; NNRTI, nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors; NVP, nevirapine.
a Sample obtained at earliest available time point after treatment initiation and for which viral RNA was successfully extracted and amplified for sequencing.
b Sample obtained at time of confirmed HIV-1 RNA level >1000 copies/mL after 24 weeks of therapy.