Table 3.
Multivariable-Adjusted Associations of Reproductive Factors and Hormone Use With Risk of Glioma Among 225,355 Women in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study
| Gliomas (N=174) | HRa (95% CI) | Glioblastomas (N=130) | HRa (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at menarche (yrs) | ||||
| <13 | 77 | 1.00 (reference) | 59 | 1.00 (reference) |
| 13–14 | 70 | 1.01 (0.71, 1.42) | 52 | 0.93 (0.63, 1.38) |
| ≥15 | 23 | 1.67 (1.03, 2.69) | 17 | 1.63 (0.95, 2.81) |
| Missing | 4 | 2 | ||
| P for trend | 0.15 | 0.32 | ||
| History of hysterectomy | ||||
| No | 81 | 1.00 (reference) | 59 | 1.00 (reference) |
| Yes | 87 | 1.61 (1.08, 2.40) | 68 | 1.52 (0.96, 2.39) |
| Missing | 6 | 3 | ||
| Age at menopauseb | ||||
| ≥50 | 56 | 1.00 (reference) | 39 | 1.00 (reference) |
| 45–49 | 43 | 1.18 (0.80–1.74) | 35 | 1.28 (0.81–2.04 |
| <45 | 65 | 1.30 (0.92–1.85) | 51 | 1.11 (0.68–1.81) |
| Missing | 3 | 1 | ||
| Oral contraceptive use | ||||
| Never | 117 | 1.00 (reference) | 87 | 1.00 (reference) |
| Ever | 53 | 0.76 (0.53, 1.10) | 41 | 0.83 (0.55, 1.25) |
| Missing | 4 | 2 | ||
| Hormone therapy | ||||
| Never | 87 | 1.00 (reference) | 61 | 1.00 (reference) |
| Former | 17 | 0.86 (0.50, 1.49) | 14 | 1.00 (0.66, 1.52) |
| Current | 70 | 0.81 (0.56, 1.18) | 55 | 1.01 (0.54, 1.88) |
| Missing | 0 | 0 | ||
| Duration of hormone use | ||||
| Never | 80 | 1.00 (reference) | 58 | 1.00 (reference) |
| ≤5 yrs | 33 | 1.03 (0.67, 1.60) | 28 | 1.29 (0.79, 2.10) |
| 5–9 yrs | 22 | 0.84 (0.49, 1.44) | 14 | 0.87 (0.46, 1.65) |
| ≥10 yrs | 32 | 0.70 (0.44, 1.12) | 27 | 0.85 (0.50, 1.43) |
| Missing | 7 | 3 | ||
| P for trend | 0.11 | 0.35 | ||
Abbreviations: HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval.
a
Each variable in the table is adjusted for the remaining variables: age at entry (continuous), race (white/non-white), age at menarche (<13, 13–14, ≥15), parous/nulliparous, age at menopause (<45, 45–49, ≥50), history of hysterectomy (yes/no), and smoking status (never, former, current smoker).
b
Postmenopausal women only.