Table 3.

ORs and 95% CIs for any symptom of insomnia and individual sleep disorders by trait anxiety, sex, marital status, and obesity.

Nighttime traffic noise (dB)	Any insomnia symptom	Difficulties falling asleep	Frequently waking up during the night	Waking up too early in the morning	Nonrestorative sleep
Higher trait anxiety score
≤ 45 (reference)
45.1–50	0.99 (0.81, 1.22)	1.19 (0.95, 1.49)	1.09 (0.89, 1.32)	1.00 (0.82, 1.22)	0.91 (0.75, 1.10)
50.1–55	1.34 (1.00, 1.80)	1.27 (0.94, 1.72)	1.25 (0.96, 1.64)	0.98 (0.74, 1.29)	1.24 (0.95, 1.62)
> 55	1.61 (1.07, 2.42)	0.79 (0.51, 1.24)	1.39 (0.97, 1.99)	1.61 (1.13, 2.30)	1.33 (0.93, 1.89)
Lower trait anxiety score
≤ 45 (reference)
45.1–50	0.91 (0.77, 1.08)	0.83 (0.60, 1.13)	0.87 (0.73, 1.04)	1.07 (0.85, 1.34)	1.10 (0.89, 1.35)
50.1–55	0.84 (0.67, 1.05)	0.72 (0.46, 1.12)	0.86 (0.67, 1.10)	0.69 (0.49, 0.98)	0.81 (0.59, 1.11)
> 55	1.19 (0.90, 1.58)	0.86 (0.50, 1.47)	0.95 (0.69, 1.30)	0.87 (0.58, 1.31)	1.26 (0.89, 1.78)
Mena
≤ 45 (reference)
45.1–50	1.05 (0.77, 1.43)	0.71 (0.44, 1.14)	1.07 (0.78, 1.48)	0.84 (0.57, 1.24)	1.13 (0.80, 1.59)
50.1–55	0.76 (0.50, 1.16)	0.77 (0.41, 1.46)	0.76 (0.48, 1.19)	0.86 (0.51, 1.45)	0.92 (0.57, 1.49)
> 55	0.92 (0.54, 1.57)	1.02 (0.35, 1.89)	0.93 (0.53, 1.65)	1.07 (0.57, 2.02)	0.68 (0.36, 1.31)
Womena
≤ 45 (reference)
45.1–50	0.92 (0.80, 1.07)	1.13 (0.93, 1.37)	0.95 (0.82, 1.09)	1.08 (0.92, 1.27)	0.96 (0.82, 1.13)
50.1–55	1.06 (0.88, 1.29)	1.11 (0.85, 1.45)	1.08 (0.89, 1.32)	0.85 (0.67, 1.07)	1.06 (0.85, 1.31)
> 55	1.43 (1.11, 1.85)	0.83 (0.57, 1.21)	1.16 (0.90, 1.51)	1.28 (0.96, 1.71)	1.46 (1.11, 1.91)
Living alonea
≤ 45 (reference)
45.1–50	1.02 (0.79, 1.32)	1.10 (0.79, 1.52)	1.09 (0.85, 1.41)	1.15 (0.86, 1.53)	1.14 (0.87, 1.50)
50.1–55	1.08 (0.78, 1.51)	1.20 (0.79, 1.80)	1.10 (0.78, 1.53)	0.77 (0.52, 1.14)	1.04 (0.72, 1.48)
> 55	1.42 (0.95, 2.15)	1.02 (0.59, 1.77)	1.15 (1.01, 2.27)	1.21 (0.77, 1.91)	1.20(0.78, 1.86)
Married/cohabitinga
≤ 45 (reference)
45.1–50	0.92 (0.79, 1.07)	1.01 (0.81, 1.27)	0.92 (0.79, 1.08)	0.99 (0.83, 1.19)	0.93 (0.79, 1.11)
50.1–55	0.93 (0.75, 1.25)	0.95 (0.69, 1.31)	1.00 (0.81, 1.25)	0.88 (0.68, 1.13)	1.00 (0.79, 1.27)
> 55	1.27 (0.96, 1.68)	0.76 (0.48, 1.20)	0.98 (0.73, 1.31)	1.25 (0.91, 1.72)	1.30 (0.96, 1.77)
Not obesea
≤ 45 (reference)
45.1–50	0.93 (0.81, 1.08)	1.01 (0.82, 1.24)	0.98 (0.85, 1.14)	1.02 (0.86, 1.21)	0.97 (0.82, 1.13)
50.1–55	0.96 (0.79, 1.16)	1.10 (0.83, 1.45)	1.07 (0.87, 1.30)	0.84 (0.75, 1.19)	1.00 (0.80, 1.25)
> 55	1.23 (0.94, 1.56)	0.72 (0.48, 10.9)	1.14 (0.87, 1.48)	1.22 (0.91, 1.64)	1.29 (0.97, 1.70)
Obesea
≤ 45 (reference)
45.1–50	0.99 (0.71, 1.38)	1.18 (0.77, 1.78)	0.88 (0.64, 1.22)	1.22 (0.85, 1.74)	1.08 (0.77, 1.53)
50.1–55	1.05 (0.67, 1.66)	0.79 (0.43, 1.45)	0.85 (0.54, 1.33)	0.57 (0.33, 0.99)	1.04 (0.65, 1.65)
> 55	2.08 (1.14, 3.81)	1.44 (0.74, 2.82)	1.09 (0.62, 1.91)	1.38 (0.77, 2.48)	1.18 (0.66, 2.12)
aModels adjusted for age, sex, occupational status, residence size, marital status, chronic disease, trait anxiety, and neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and population density.