Table 1.
Studies included in the Meta-analyses
| First author, Year of publication | Disorder type | Number of patients | Number of controls | Mean age of patients (yrs) | Mean age of controls (yrs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
FIRST EPISODE SCHIZOPHRENIA |
|
|
|
||
| Berge, 2010
[32] |
PNOS (FE) |
21 |
20 |
24.8 |
25.3 |
| Chua, 2007
[33] |
SZ, SZF, BPSY (FE) |
26 |
38 |
32.0 |
33.0 |
| Douaud, 2007
[34] |
SZ (FE) |
25 |
25 |
16.5 |
16.2 |
| Ebdrup, 2010
[35] |
SZ (FE) |
38 |
43 |
26.2 |
26.9 |
| Jayakumar, 2005
[36] |
SZ (FE) |
18 |
18 |
24.9 |
25.7 |
| Job, 2002
[37] |
SZ (FE) |
34 |
36 |
21.4 |
21.2 |
| Kasparak, 2007
[38] |
SZ (FE) |
22 |
18 |
23.7 |
24.1 |
| Kubicki, 2002
[39] |
SZ (FE) |
16 |
18 |
26.0 |
24.0 |
| Lui, 2009
[40] |
SZ (FE) |
68 |
68 |
24.2 |
24.7 |
| Meda, 2008
[41] |
WPIC |
22 |
21 |
25.1 |
26.2 |
| Molina, 2010
[42] |
SZ (FE) |
30 |
41 |
25.8 |
29.4 |
| Price, 2010
[43] |
SCZ, SZA (FE) |
48 |
47 |
26.2 |
24.8 |
| Salgado-Pineda, 2003
[44] |
SZ (FE) |
13 |
13 |
23.8 |
23.4 |
| Schaufelberger, 2007
[45] |
SZ, SZF (FE) |
62 |
94 |
27.6 |
30.2 |
| Venkatasubramanian, 2010
[46] |
SZ (FE) |
30 |
27 |
30.1 |
27.4 |
| Whitford, 2005
[47] |
SZ (FES) |
41 |
47 |
19.8 |
19.3 |
| Witthaus, 2009
[48] |
SZ (FES) |
23 |
29 |
26.4 |
25.7 |
| Yoshihara, 2008
[49] |
SZ (FES) |
18 |
18 |
15.8 |
15.8 |
|
Total (mean) |
|
555 (30.8) |
621 (34.5) |
(24.4) |
(24.5) |
|
FRONTO-TEMPORAL LOBAR DEGENERATION |
|
|
|
|
|
| Adlam, 2006
[50] |
FTLD: SD, fPPA |
6 |
12 |
62.8 |
65.0 |
| Boccardi, 2005
[51] |
FTLD |
9 |
26 |
62.0 |
69.0 |
| Boxer, 2003
[52] |
FTLD: SD |
11 |
15 |
66.2 |
69.6 |
| Chang, 2005
[53] |
FTLD: FTLD&ALS vs. ALS |
10 |
10 |
64.5 |
49.9 |
| Desgranges, 2007
[54] |
FTLD: SD |
10 |
17 |
65.7 |
65.8 |
| Gee, 2003
[55] |
FTLD |
29 |
12 |
65.1 |
68.5 |
| Gorno-Tempini, 2004
[56] |
FTLD: SD |
10 |
10 |
63.0 |
69.1 |
| Grossman, 2004
[57] |
FTLD |
29 |
12 |
65.1 |
68.5 |
| Kanda, 2008
[58] |
FTLD: bvFTD |
13 |
20 |
64.9 |
65.2 |
| Kim, 2007
[59] |
FTLD |
14 |
61 |
63.3 |
68.0 |
| Libon 2009
[60] |
FTLD: bvFTD |
51 |
43 |
61.3 |
n/av: age-matched |
| Massimo 2009
[61] |
FTLD: disinhibition-predominant |
4 |
10 |
63.6 |
64.1 |
| Mummery 2000
[62] |
FTLD: SD |
6 |
14 |
60.5 |
62.0 |
| Nestor 2003
[63] |
FTLD: PNFA |
7 |
10 |
71.5 |
65.9 |
| Pardini 2009
[64] |
FTLD: bvFTD |
22 |
12 |
60.3 |
n/av: age-matched |
| Pereira 2009
[65] |
FTLD: ubiquitin positive |
9 |
25 |
64.0 |
63.8 |
| Rabinovici 2007
[66] |
FTLD |
18 |
40 |
62.5 |
63.5 |
| Rosen 2002
[67] |
FTLD: bvFTD |
20 |
20 |
61.8 |
62.3 |
| Seeley 2008
[68] |
FTLD: bvFTD CDR2-3 |
15 |
45 |
62.3 |
68.3 |
| Williams 2005
[69] |
FTLD |
18 |
17 |
60.8 |
61.7 |
| Total (mean) | 311 (15.6) | 431 (21.6) | (63.6) | (65.0) | |
All studies using voxel-based morphometry of gray matter compared a patient group with a comparison group. Abbreviations: BPSY, Brief Psychotic Disorder; FE, First episode; PNOS, Psychosis not otherwise specified; SZ, Schizophrenia; SZA, Schizo-affective disorder; SZF, Schizophreniform disorder; WPIC, Patients from the Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic at the University of Pittsburgh; FTLD, Fronto-temporal Lobar Degeneration; SD, Semantic Dementia; fPPA, Fluent form of Primary Progressive Aphasia; ALS, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; bvFTD, behavioural / dysexecutive subtype of FTLD; PFNA, Progressive non-fluent Aphasia; CDR, Clinical Dementia Rating (range: 0.5 – 3); n/av, data not available.