Table 5.
Descriptive characteristics of existing PAQs
|
Age Group |
Reference |
Name questionnaire |
Country |
Domains of activity |
Population |
Primary outcome |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Size | Age (years) | Sex | Ethnicity | ||||||
| Youth |
Affuso (2011)[59] |
SAPAC (modified) |
United States |
Sedentary |
201 |
11 - 15 |
M/F |
Mixed |
Total min/day |
| Youth |
Allor (2001)[60] |
PDPAR |
United States |
Moderate, hard, very hard activity |
46 |
12 ± 0.6 |
F |
Mixed, urban |
METs (kcal/hr) |
| Youth |
Corder (2009)[61] |
YPAQ, CPAQ, CHASE, SWAPAQ |
United Kingdom |
All domains, including school and leisure time |
62 reliability, 76 validity |
4 - 17 |
M/F |
Mainly white |
PAEE, lifestyle scores, MET-min/week |
| Youth |
Eisenmann (2002)[62] |
GLTEQ |
United States |
Mild, moderate and strenuous activity in leisure time |
31 |
10.6 ± 0.2 |
M/F |
Mixed |
METs |
| Youth |
Gwynn (2010)[63] |
MRPARQ |
Australia |
All organised and non-organised physical activities |
86 |
10 - 12 |
M/F |
Aboriginal, Torres Strait Islander, non-Indigenous |
MET-min/day |
| Youth |
Hagströmer (2008)[56] |
IPAQ-A |
9 countries |
Sedentary, leisure, household, occupation, transportation |
248 |
12 - 14, 15 -17 |
M/F |
European |
MET-min/day |
| Youth |
Huang (2009)[64] |
CLASS (Chinese version) |
China |
31 physical activities and 14 sedentary activities over weekday and weekends |
216 reliability, 99 validity |
9 - 12 |
M/F |
Chinese |
Total min/day |
| Youth |
Kowalski (1997)[65] |
PAQ-C |
Canada |
Moderate and vigorous PA during school, including sports/exercise |
73 |
8 - 13 |
M/F |
– |
5-point scale of activity |
| Youth |
Martinez-Gomez (2010)[66] |
BAD |
Spain |
Leisure, occupation |
37 |
12 - 16 |
M/F |
– |
MET-min/day |
| Youth |
Martinez-Gomez (2011)[67] |
PAQ-A |
Spain |
Usual moderate and vigorous PA during schooldays and weekend days |
203 |
13 - 17 |
M/F |
– |
PAQ-A score |
| Youth |
Mota (2002)[68] |
WAC (modified) |
Portugal |
Activities outside school |
30 reliability, 109 validity |
8 - 16 |
M/F |
Hispanic |
METs/15 min |
| Youth |
Ottevaere (2011)[57] |
IPAQ-A |
10 countries |
Sedentary, leisure, household, occupation, transportation |
2018 |
12.5 - 17 |
M/F |
European |
Total min/day |
| Youth |
Rangul (2008)[69] |
HBSC, IPAQ-s |
Norway |
HBSC: sports/exercise (outside school hours). IPAQ-s: sedentary, leisure, household, occupation, transportation |
71 |
13 - 18 |
M/F |
– |
TEE, PAL |
| Youth |
Scerpella (2002)[70] |
GSQ |
United States |
Habitual activity in strenuous, moderate and light intensity |
61 |
7 - 11 |
F |
– |
Godin-Shephard scores |
| Youth |
Slinde (2003)[71] |
MLTPAQ |
Sweden |
Sedentary, leisure, household |
35 |
15 |
M/F |
– |
TEE |
| Youth |
Treuth (2004)[72] |
GAQ |
United States |
28 physical, 7 sedentary usual activities |
90 reliability, 76 comparison validity, 86 intervention validity |
8 - 10 |
F |
African-American |
GAQ score |
| Youth |
Troped (2007)[73] |
YRBS |
United States |
Leisure, occupation |
128 reliability, 125 validity |
12.7 ± 0.6 |
M/F |
Mixed |
Minutes and bouts of MPA and VPA |
| Youth |
Weston (1997)[74] |
PDPAR |
United States |
Sedentary, leisure, occupation, transportation, sports/exercise |
90 reliability, 48 validity |
Grades 7 - 12 |
M/F |
Mainly white |
METs |
| Adults |
Ainsworth (1999)[87] |
TOQ, 7DR-O (modified) |
United States |
Occupation |
46 |
18 - 60 |
F |
Mainly white |
MET-min/week |
| Adults |
Bassett (2000)[101] |
CAQ |
United States |
Stair climbing, walking, sports/exercise, leisure |
96 |
25 - 70 |
M/F |
Mainly Caucasian |
MET-min/week |
| Adults |
Brown (2008)[88] |
AAS (modified) |
Australia |
Walking briskly, moderate leisure activity, vigorous leisure activity |
44 |
54 - 59 |
F |
Mainly white |
MET-min/week |
| Adults |
Bull (2009)[58] |
GPAQ |
9 countries |
Sedentary, leisure, occupation, transportation |
2221 reliability, 298 validity |
18-75 |
M/F |
Mixed |
Total min/day |
| Adults |
Conway (2002)[94] |
7DPAR, S7DR |
United States |
Household, occupation, walking, light, moderate, vigorous activities |
24 |
27 - 65 |
M |
– |
MET-min/day, EE |
| Adults |
Cust (2008)[102] |
EPAQ |
Australia |
Leisure, household, occupation |
182 |
50 - 65 |
M/F |
Mainly white |
Total PA index, Cambridge PA index |
| Adults |
Cust (2009)[103] |
EPAQ, IPAQ-s |
Australia |
Sedentary, leisure, household, occupation, transportation |
177 |
50 - 65 |
M/F |
Mainly white |
MET-hr/week |
| Adults |
Duncan (2001)[104] |
7DPAR |
United States |
Sedentary, leisure, household, occupation, sports/exercise |
94 reliability, 66 validity |
30 - 69 |
M/F |
Mainly Caucasian |
TEE, METs |
| Adults |
Ekelund (2006)[95] |
IPAQ-s |
Sweden |
Sedentary, leisure, household, occupation, transportation |
87 |
20 - 69 |
M |
– |
MET-min/day |
| Adults |
Gauthier (2009)[105] |
IPAQ-SALVCF |
Canada |
Sedentary, leisure, household, occupation, transportation |
31 |
20 - 63 |
M/F |
French Canadians |
MET-min/week |
| Adults |
Hagströmer (2006)[106] |
IPAQ |
Sweden |
Sedentary, leisure, household, occupation, transportation |
46 |
40.7 ± 10.3 |
M/F |
– |
MET-hr/week |
| Adults |
Hagströmer (2010)[107] |
IPAQ |
Sweden |
Sedentary, leisure, household, occupation, transportation |
980 |
18 - 65 |
M/F |
– |
MET-min/day |
| Adults |
Hallal (2010)[108] |
IPAQ (modified) |
Brazil |
Leisure, transportation |
156 |
≥ 20 |
M/F |
– |
Total min/week, total score |
| Adults |
InterAct Consortium (2011)[51] |
EPAQ-s |
10 countries |
Leisure, household, occupation, transportation |
1941 |
53.8 ± 9.4 |
M/F |
European |
MET-hr/week, total PA index, Cambridge index, recreational index |
| Adults |
Jacobi (2009)[109] |
MAQ |
France |
Sedentary, leisure, occupation |
160 |
18 - 74 |
M/F |
– |
MET-hr/week |
| Adults |
Kurtze (2008)[54] |
IPAQ-s |
Norway |
Sedentary, leisure, household, occupation, transportation |
108 |
20 - 39 |
M |
– |
MET-hr/week |
| Adults |
Lee (2011)[98] |
IPAQ-s (Chinese version) |
China |
Sedentary, leisure, household, occupation, transportation |
1270 |
42.9 ± 14.4 |
M/F |
Asian |
MET-min/week |
| Adults |
MacFarlane (2007)[99] |
IPAQ-s (Chinese version) |
China |
Sedentary, leisure, household, occupation, transportation |
49 |
15 - 55 |
M/F |
Asian |
MET-min/week |
| Adults |
MacFarlane (2010)[110] |
IPAQ-LC |
China |
Sedentary, leisure, household, occupation, transportation |
28 reliability, 83 validity |
26.2 ± 9.9 (reliability), 40.9 ± 11.1 (validity) |
M/F |
Asian |
MET-min/day |
| Adults |
Mahabir (2006)[89] |
HAQ, FCPQ, CAPS-4WR, CAPS-TWR |
United States |
Leisure, household |
65 |
49 - 78 |
F |
– |
EE, METs |
| Adults |
Matton (2007)[111] |
FPACQ |
Belgium |
Sedentary, leisure, household, occupation, transportation |
102 reliability, 111 validity |
22 - 78 |
M/F |
– |
Hr/week, EE, PAL (METs) |
| Adults |
Nang (2011)[55] |
IPAQ, SP2PAQ |
Singapore |
Sedentary, leisure, household, occupation, transportation |
152 |
> 21 |
M/F |
Asian |
EE (kcal/day), METs |
| Adults |
Nicaise (2011)[90] |
IPAQ |
United States |
Sedentary, leisure, household, occupation, transportation |
105 |
35.9 ± 9.0 |
F |
Latino |
MET-min/week |
| Adults |
Pettee-Gabriel (2009)[91] |
PMMAQ, PWMAQ, NHS-PAQ, AAS, WHI-PAQ |
United States |
Sedentary, leisure, sports/exercise |
66 |
45 - 65 |
F |
Mainly white |
MET-hr/week, total min/day |
| Adults |
Philippaerts (1999)[96] |
BAQ, FCPQ, TCQ |
Belgium |
Leisure, occupation, sports/exercise |
19 |
40 |
M |
– |
PAL scores |
| Adults |
Philippaerts (2001)[97] |
BAQ, TCQ |
Belgium |
Leisure, occupation, sports/exercise |
66 |
40 |
M |
– |
Activity indices, EE |
| Adults |
Richardson (2001)[100] |
S7DR |
United States |
Leisure, occupation |
77 |
20 - 59 |
M/F |
Mainly white |
MET-min/day |
| Adults |
Saglam (2010)[112] |
IPAQ (short and long version) |
Turkey |
Sedentary, leisure, household, occupation, transportation |
330 reliability, 80 validity |
18 - 32 |
M/F |
– |
MET-min/week |
| Adults |
Schmidt (2006)[92] |
KPAS-mod |
United States |
Household, occupation, active living, sports/exercise |
63 |
18 - 47 |
F |
– |
KPAS activity indexes |
| Adults |
Smitherman (2009)[113] |
JPAC |
United States |
Leisure, household, occupation, sports/exercise |
40 reliability, 404 validity |
54.4 ± 15.7 (reliability), 57.1 ± 11.54 (validity) |
M/F |
African American |
JPAC index scores |
| Adults |
Staten (2001)[93] |
AAFQ |
United States |
Leisure, household, occupation |
35 |
31 - 60 |
F |
Mixed |
TEE, PAEE, RMR, MET-hr/day |
| Adults |
Strath (2004)[114] |
CAQ-PAI |
United States |
Leisure |
25 |
20 - 56 |
M/F |
Mainly Caucasian |
MET-min/week |
| Adults |
Trinh (2009)[115] |
GPAQ |
Vietnam |
Sedentary, leisure, occupation, transportation |
169 dry season, 162 wet season |
25 - 64 |
M/F |
Asian |
Total min/day |
| Adults |
Washburn (2003)[116] |
S7DR |
United States |
Sleep, moderate, hard and very hard physical activities |
46 |
17 - 35 |
M/F |
Mixed |
TEE, PAEE |
| Adults |
Wolin (2008)[117] |
IPAQ-s |
United States |
Sedentary, leisure, household, occupation, transportation |
142 |
24 - 67 |
M/F |
Black or African American |
MET-min/week |
| Elderly |
Bonnefoy (2001)[75] |
MLTPAQ, YPAS, BAQ-mod, CAQ, 7DR, DQ-mod, LRC, SUA, PASE, QAPSE |
France |
Light, moderate, vigorous intensity PA, walking, specific activities |
19 |
73.46 ± 4.1 |
M |
– |
TEE, PAL, PAEE |
| Elderly |
De Abajo (2001)[76] |
YPAS (Spanish version) |
Spain |
Sedentary, occupation, sports/exercise |
108 |
61 - 80 |
M/F |
Hispanic |
Total time, EE |
| Elderly |
Dinger (2004)[77] |
PASE |
United States |
Leisure, household, occupation |
56 |
75.7 ± 7.9 |
M/F |
Mainly Caucasian |
Subscale and total PASE scores |
| Elderly |
Dubbert (2004)[78] |
7DPAR |
United States |
Shopping, household, occupation, sports/exercise |
220 reliability, 42 validity |
60 - 80 |
M |
Mixed |
TEE, METs |
| Elderly |
Giles (2009)[79] |
CHAMPS-MMSCV |
Australia |
Leisure, household |
47 |
≥ 65 |
M/F |
Mainly non-Indigenous Australian |
MET-min/week (volume), times/week (frequency), min/week (duration) |
| Elderly |
Hagiwara (2008)[80] |
PASE |
Japan |
Leisure, household, occupation |
257 reliability, 200 validity |
72.6 ± 4.9 |
M/F |
Japanese |
Total PASE score, hr/day |
| Elderly |
Harada (2001)[81] |
CHAMPS, PASE, YPAS |
United States |
Leisure, household |
87 |
65 - 89 |
M/F |
Mixed |
EE, total PASE score |
| Elderly |
Hurtig-Wennlöf (2010)[82] |
IPAQ-E |
Sweden |
Sedentary, leisure, household, occupation, transportation |
54 |
66 - 85 |
M/F |
– |
Total min/day |
| Elderly |
Kolbe-Alexander (2006)[83] |
IPAQ-s, YPAS |
South Africa |
Sedentary, leisure, household, occupation, transportation |
122 |
> 60 |
M/F |
Mixed |
MET-min/week, EE |
| Elderly |
Starling (1999)[84] |
MLTPAQ, YPAS |
United States |
MLTPAQ: Leisure, household. YPAS: leisure, household, sports/exercise |
67 |
45 - 84 |
M/F |
Caucasian |
TEE |
| Elderly |
Tomioka (2011)[85] |
IPAQ-s (Japanese version) |
Japan |
Sedentary, leisure, household, occupation, transportation |
325 |
65 - 89 |
M/F |
Japanese |
MET-min/week |
| Elderly | Washburn (1999)[86] | PASE | United States | Leisure, household, occupation | 20 | 67 - 80 | M/F | – | Total PASE scores |
Domains named in paper were reclassified, unless the activities were very different from categories used, according to the following system: Occupation: work, school, labour. Transportation: travel, commuting, employment. Household: home/life, housework, caregiving, domestic life, child/elder/self care, cooking, chores, gardening, stair climbing. Leisure: leisure, recreation time. Sports/exercise: play, sports, exercise, workout. Sedentary: sedentary behaviours, e.g. sitting, TV viewing activities, eating, sleeping, bathing, inactivity.
– = not stated, M = Male, F = Female.