Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| |
Abnormal cognitive test results |
Statistic |
p value |
Significant post-hoc differences* |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
0 |
1 |
2 |
|
|
|
| n = 55 | n = 68 | n = 77 | ||||
| Age, mean(SD) |
80.6(8.8) |
83.1(8.5) |
85.8(6.6) |
F(2, 197) = 7.45 |
0.001 |
b |
| Male sex |
46% |
30% |
31% |
χ2(2, N = 200) = 3.64 |
0.16 |
- |
| Living alone |
54% |
78% |
68% |
χ2(2, N = 200) = 6.63 |
0.04 |
a |
| Home care |
44% |
61% |
62% |
χ2(2, N = 200) = 4.51 |
0.11 |
- |
| Education ≤8 years |
46% |
61% |
54% |
χ2(2, N = 188) = 2.45 |
0.29 |
- |
| In intervention |
50% |
53% |
47% |
χ2(2, N = 200) = 0.56 |
0.76 |
- |
| Presenting complaint | ||||||
| Shortness of breath |
37% |
33% |
26% |
χ2(2, N = 200) = 2.25 |
0.33 |
- |
| Fall |
9% |
3% |
17% |
χ2(2, N = 200) = 7.87 |
0.02 |
c |
| Chest pain |
9% |
9% |
8% |
χ2(2, N = 200) = 0.08 |
0.96 |
- |
| Infection |
15% |
9% |
4% |
χ2(2, N = 200) = 4.69 |
0.10 |
- |
| General condition |
3% |
16% |
9% |
χ2(2, N = 200) = 6.61 |
0.04 |
a |
| Pain |
7% |
2% |
7% |
FET(0vs1) N =123 |
0.17† |
- |
| Neurological symptoms |
2% |
10% |
5% |
FET(0vs1) N =123 |
0.07† |
- |
| Psychiatric |
0% |
3% |
9% |
FET(0vs2) N =132 |
0.04† |
- |
| Laboratory value |
9% |
6% |
5% |
FET(0vs2) N =132 |
0.49† |
- |
| Lower extremity symptoms |
6% |
7% |
4% |
FET(1vs2) N =145 |
0.48† |
- |
| Other |
2% |
2% |
7% |
FET(1vs2) N =145 |
0.21† |
- |
| MMSE, mean(SD) |
26.5(2.0) |
24.3(2.5) |
18.9(3.2) |
F(2, 197) = 143.62 |
(<0.001) †† |
a, b, c |
| CDT, mean(SD) | 4.7(0.5) | 3.4(1.1) | 2.4(0.9) | F(2, 195) = 109.62 | (<0.001) †† | a, b, c |
Baseline characteristics of the groups with 0, 1 and 2 abnormal cognitive tests.
* Significant differences (p < 0.05) after Bonferroni correction:
a = between 0 vs 1 abnormal cognitive test.
b = between 0 vs 2 abnormal cognitive tests.
c = between 1 vs 2 abnormal cognitive tests.
† = Fischer’s exact test (FET) was used due to expected counts < 5. All three pairs (0vs1, 0vs2 and 1vs2) were compared, the comparisons with the lowest p values are displayed.
†† = The p values of cognitive tests are in brackets as they were the criteria for the division.