Table 4. Unadjusted and adjusted risk ratios (95% CI)a of factors associated with high score at follow-up time points in patients with late stage Parkinson and Parkinsonism's disease.
Predictor | Group | Outcome variable | |||||||
POS-PP | Core-POS | PDQ-8 | HADs-14b | ||||||
Unadjusted | Adjusted | Unadjusted | Adjusted | Unadjusted | Adjusted | Unadjusted | Adjusted | ||
Baseline POS-PP | – | 1.22 ** (1.13 to 1.31) | 1.10(0.97 to 1.24) | 1.12 (1.06 to 1.18) ** | 0.89 (0.81 to 0.99) * | 1.11 (1.05 to 1.17) ** | 0.89 (0.81 to 0.99) * | 1.04(0.99 to 1.10) | – |
Baseline Core-POS | – | 1.40 (1.23 to 1.60) ** | 1.30 (1.05 to 1.60) * | 1.43 (1.25 to 1.63) ** | 1.52 (1.24 to 1.87) ** | 1.21 (1.09 to 1.34) ** | 1.52 (1.24 to 1.87) ** | 1.17 (1.05 to 1.30) ** | 1.10(0.97 to 1.25) |
Baseline PDQ-8 | – | 1.09 (1.05to 1.13) ** | 1.02 (0.97 to 1.07) | 1.08 (1.05 to 1.12) ** | 1.28 (1.09 to 1.51) ** | 1.14 (1.08 to 1.20) ** | 1.08 (1.03 to 1.14) ** | 1.04 (1.01 to 1.06) * | 1.01(0.98 to 1.05) |
Baseline HADs-14 | – | 1.22 (1.06 to 1.40) ** | 1.22 (1.02 to 1.46) * | 1.24 (1.08 to 1.42) ** | 1.18 (1.01 to 1.38) * | 1.15 (1.01 to 1.30) * | 1.18(1.01 to 1.38)* | 1.27 (1.11 to 1.45) ** | 1.21 (1.06 to 1.39) ** |
Sex | Female vs Male | 3.20 (1.22 o 8.35) * | 5.19 (1.17 to 22.95) * | 1.48(0.59 to 3.71) | – | 1.16(0.45 to 2.97) | – | 0.74(0.27 to 2.02) | – |
Stage | Mild bilateral disease vs Wheel Chair | 0.16 (0.04 to 0.56) ** | 0.18(0.02 to 1.46) | 0.74(0.23 to 2.40) | – | 0.23 (0.06 to 0.81) * | 0.15(0.02 to 1.39) | 3.38(0.92 to 12.39) | – |
Severe disability vs Wheel Chair | 1.16(0.38 to 3.55) | 1.10(0.23 to 5.23) | 1.49(0.48 to 4.62) | – | 0.87(0.28 to 2.77) | 0.98(0.20 to 4.78) | 3.12(0.87 to 11.21) | – |
: Risk ratios were estimated using the ordinal logistic regression models, the risk ratio indicates how much more likely people with a risk factor are to have higher score in the follow-up assessment, where 1 indicates no risk in comparison to the reference group. The factors used to construct the models are showing in columns corresponding to individual outcome variables.
: Sample size n = 51, the modelling of other outcome variables were based on a sample size of 61.
Statistically significant effects (p<0.05) are in bold,
p<0.05,
p<0.01.