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. 2012 Sep 18;31(21):4204–4220. doi: 10.1038/emboj.2012.262

Figure 9.

Figure 9

Endocytic membranes as a source of HSV1 envelope. (A) HFFF-2 and HeLa cells were incubated with 200 ng/ml Cy3-transferrin (green) for 30 min prior to fixing and staining for TGN46 (red). (B) HeLa cells were treated as described in (A) for times ranging from 0 to 60 min. Using LSM510 software, TGN46 and transferrin-positive areas were measured in projected Z stacks relative to area of the cell. The results are the average of five cells for each time point. (C) Model for virus envelopment via endocytosis. (1) Virus glycoproteins are processed in the Golgi/TGN and exported to the cell surface. (2) The glycoprotein-containing plasma membrane is endocytosed and transported through the early endosome to produce wrapping tubules in a pathway dependent on dynamin, and Rabs 5 and 11. (3) Glycoprotein-containing tubules wrap cytoplasmic capsids forming virions with a double membrane. Fusion of the outer membrane at the cell surface results in release of a single-membrane virion outside the cell. EE, EEA1-positive early endosome; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; GA, Golgi apparatus; PM, plasma membrane; TGN, trans-Golgi network.