Table 1.
Subject characteristics
| Time |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Baseline | 2 Mo | 6 Mo | Effect of Time (P Value) |
| Age, yr | 62 ± 1 | |||
| Height, m | 1.72 ± 0.02 | |||
| Body weight, kg | 92.9 ± 3.4 | 91.7 ± 3.4 | 91.3 ± 3.4 | <0.05 |
| Body mass index, kg/m | 31.2 ± 0.9 | 30.8 ± 0.9 | 30.7 ± 0.9 | <0.05 |
| Insulin sensitivity | ||||
| Fasting glucose, mmol/l | 9.2 ± 0.7 | 9.0 ± 0.7 | 8.7 ± 0.7 | 0.632 |
| 2-h Glucose, mmol/l | 17.9 ± 1.6 | 16.5 ± 1.6 | 15.5 ± 1.7 | 0.367 |
| Fasting insulin, μIU/ml | 17.8 ± 2.3 | 16.8 ± 2.3 | 17.7 ± 2.1 | 0.855 |
| HOMA index | 7.5 ± 1.4 | 7.0 ± 1.5 | 7.1 ± 1.2 | 0.865 |
| Hb A1c, % | 7.0 ± 0.4 | 6.7 ± 0.3 | 6.5 ± 0.2 | 0.200 |
| Exercise capacity | ||||
| V̇o2peak, l/min | 2.15 ± 0.14 | 2.46 ± 0.15* | 2.41 ± 0.19 | <0.05 |
| V̇o2peak, ml·kg−1·min−1 | 23.4 ± 1.5 | 27.1 ± 1.7* | 26.5 ± 1.9 | <0.05 |
| Wmax (W) | 180 ± 12 | 189 ± 11 | 189 ± 11 | 0.134 |
| Body composition | ||||
| %Trunk fat | 38.4 ± 1.4 | 37.3 ± 1.7 | 35.8 ± 1.3* | <0.01 |
| %Leg fat | 23.2 ± 1.6 | 22.4 ± 1.5 | 21.8 ± 1.3 | <0.05 |
Data provided represent means ± SE (n = 10). HOMA, homeostasis model assessment; V̇o2peak, peak oxygen uptake; Wmax, maximal workload.
*
P < 0.05 vs. baseline.