Table 2. Cytokine results from multiplex analysis and proliferative responses from FASCIA after CFP-10 and ESAT-6 stimulation in patients with active-, latent- and non tuberculosis.
| Active tuberculosis (ATBI) | Non Tuberculosis | Cut-off | Sensitivity ATBI | Latent Tuberculosis (LTBI) | Sensitivity LTBI | ||
| FASCIA-positive proportion (%) | 42/54 (77%) | 0/8 (0%) | 11/23 (48%) | ||||
| CFP-10 | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Threshold (pg/ml) | Antigen Separate | Antigens Combined | Median (IQR) | % |
| CD3+CD4+cells/µl | 52 (3.7–227.8) | 1 (0.75–2.3) | 4.0 (0–11.5) | ||||
| MIP-1beta | 103,7 (35.7–328.9) | 0 (0–8.5) | 84 | 56 | 91 | 0 (0–9.2) | 17 |
| IFN-gamma | 35.5 (2.2–296.9) | 0 (0–0) | 5.9 | 65 | 84 | 0 (0–5.9) | 26 |
| GM-CSF | 2.5 (0–16.5) | 0 (0–0) | 0.1 | 63 | 79 | 0 (0–0.3) | 26 |
| IL-6 | 68.5 (22.8–519.9) | 8.5 (5.9–24.6) | 82.1 | 51 | 63 | 7.6 (3.6–11.4) | 4 |
| IL-13 | 0 (0–12.9) | 0 (0–0) | 0.1 | 49 | 63 | 0 (0–0) | 13 |
| IL-5 | 0 (0–3.3) | 0 (0–0) | 0.1 | 30 | 42 | 0 (0–0) | 9 |
| IL-4 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.1 | 14 | 23 | 0 (0–0) | 4 |
| IL-10 | 0 (0–1.8) | 0 (0–0) | 2.3 | 16 | 33 | 0 (0–0) | 4 |
| IL-12 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0–0) | 0 |
| IL-17 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.1 | 9 | 16 | 0 (0–0) | 4 |
| IL-2 | 16.3 (5.8–47.9) | 0 (0–0) | 1.5 | 84 | 93 | 0 (0–0) | 17 |
| IP-10 | 1438.5 (367.2–2455.3) | 19.3 (6.4–29.7) | 100 | 93 | 100* | 120.3 (84.4–214.4) | 70 |
| TNF-alpha | 17.6 (5.9–64.0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.1 | 79 | 81 | 0 (0–6.3) | 30 |
| IFN-alpha2 | 0 (0–0.6) | 0 (0–0) | 0.1 | 26 | 33 | 0 (0–0) | 22 |
| ESAT-6 | |||||||
| CD3+CD4+cells/µl | 91 (6–355.0) | 2.0 (0–2.1) | 3.0 (1.0–8.0) | ||||
| MIP-1beta | 137.8 (63.7–350.9) | 0 (0–8.0) | 35.4 | 91 | 91 | 0 (0–16.6) | 22 |
| IFN-gamma | 139.2 (5.4–536.8) | 0 (0–0) | 7.1 | 74 | 84 | 0 (0–2.0) | 17 |
| GM-CSF | 8.7 (0–33.0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.1 | 72 | 79 | 0 (0–0.8) | 30 |
| IL-6 | 197.9 (58.0–547.4) | 10.3 (5.1–23.2) | 147.4 | 53 | 63 | 10.2 (6.2–33.2) | 17 |
| IL-13 | 5.0 (0–21.0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.1 | 60 | 63 | 0 (0–0) | 22 |
| IL-5 | 0 (0–5.1) | 0 (0–0) | 0.1 | 33 | 42 | 0 (0–0) | 17 |
| IL-4 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.1 | 19 | 23 | 0 (0–0) | 9 |
| IL-10 | 0 (0–2.2) | 0 (0–0) | 2.1 | 26 | 33 | 0 (0–0) | 9 |
| IL-12 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0–0) | 0 |
| IL-17 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.1 | 12 | 16 | 0 (0–0) | 13 |
| IL-2 | 21.9 (4.8–50.5) | 0 (0–0) | 2.1 | 79 | 93 | 0 (0–2.6) | 30 |
| IP-10 | 983.2 (484.4–2477.6) | 25.7 (7.2–47.3) | 72.2 | 100 | 100* | 158.2 (90.5–291.6) | 87 |
| TNF-alpha | 30.9 (0–160.2) | 0 (0–0) | 0.1 | 72 | 81 | 0 (0–10.1) | 30 |
| IFN-alpha2 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.1 | 23 | 33 | 0 (0–0) | 4 |
Proportion of subjects with positive FASCIA is expressed as n/total for each group. Cut-off thresholds were set to gain 100% specificity for all assays. Each assay's sensitivity for active tuberculosis is calculated from these cut-offs. Sensitivity is shown for each antigen separate and when both are used in combination. Cytokine median results are presented in units of pg/ml and shown together with interquartile range (IQR). *IP-10 is significantly more sensitive than IFN-γ as a marker for active verified TB (p = 0.0233).