Table 4.
Undesirable lifestyle habits regarded as risks by self-rated health status (3744 subjects who underwent health examinations at Tokai University Hachioji Hospital between April 2009 and March 2010)
| Healthy | Relatively healthy | Unhealthy | Trend | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | OR | 95 % CI | n (%) | OR | 95 % CI | p | |
| Weight gain ≥10 kg | 340 (32) | 826 (38) | 1.26 | 1.08–1.47 | 224 (45) | 1.69 | 1.36–2.10 | <0.001 |
| Weight change ≥3 kg | 259 (25) | 617 (28) | 1.19 | 1.01–1.41 | 213 (43) | 2.26 | 1.80–2.83 | <0.001 |
| Exercise <2 times/week | 710 (68) | 1677 (76) | 1.55 | 1.32–1.82 | 425 (85) | 2.67 | 2.03–3.52 | <0.001 |
| Physical activity <1 h/day | 578 (53) | 1392 (63) | 1.41 | 1.22–1.64 | 338 (67) | 1.69 | 1.35–2.11 | <0.001 |
| Not fast walker | 390 (37) | 995 (45) | 1.40 | 1.21–1.63 | 298 (59) | 2.48 | 1.99–3.08 | <0.001 |
| Skipping breakfast | 117 (11) | 361 (16) | 1.57 | 1.26–1.96 | 94 (19) | 1.84 | 1.37–2.47 | <0.001 |
| Snacking after supper | 142 (14) | 342 (16) | 1.18 | 0.95–1.46 | 89 (18) | 1.38 | 1.03–1.84 | <0.05 |
| Supper <2 h before bedtime | 298 (28) | 649 (30) | 1.06 | 0.90–1.25 | 166 (33) | 1.25 | 0.99–1.57 | NS |
| Fast eater | 370 (35) | 808 (37) | 1.07 | 0.92–1.25 | 198 (40) | 1.20 | 0.96–1.49 | NS |
| Alcohol consumption ≥75 g/day | 39 (4) | 93 (4) | 1.15 | 0.78–1.68 | 28 (6) | 1.53 | 0.93–2.52 | NS |
| Current regular smoking | 170 (16) | 444 (20) | 1.31 | 1.08–1.59 | 116 (22) | 1.56 | 1.20–2.03 | <0.001 |
| Insufficient rest | 292 (28) | 960 (44) | 2.02 | 1.72–2.36 | 303 (60) | 3.97 | 3.17–4.96 | <0.001 |
The Mantel-extension method was used as a trend test
OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval