Table 1. Components of the receptor protein complexes involved in autophagy.
Process | Cargo | Ligand | Receptor | Scaffold | Atg8 family protein | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cvt pathway (yeasts) |
prApe1 complex |
prApe1 propeptide |
Atg19 |
Atg11 |
Atg8 |
23, 24, 26, 27 |
Ams1 complex |
Ams1 |
Atg19, Atg34 |
Atg11 |
Atg8 |
38, 39 |
|
Glycophagy (mammals) |
Glycogen particles |
Glycogen |
STBD1 |
- |
GABARAP |
58, 59 |
Aggrephagy (worms) |
PGL granules |
PGL-3 |
SEPA-1 |
EPG-2 |
LGG-1 |
60, 61 |
Aggrephagy (mammals) |
Mutant SOD1 aggregates |
Mutant SOD1 |
SQSTM1 |
- |
LC3 |
20, 21 |
STAT5A_ΔE18 aggregates |
STAT5A_ΔE18 |
SQSTM1 |
- |
- |
22 |
|
Ubiquitinated protein aggregates |
Ub |
SQSTM1, NBR1 |
WDFY3 |
LC3 |
43–52 |
|
Midbophagy (mammals) |
Midbodies |
Ub |
SQSTM1 |
- |
LC3 |
62 |
CEP55 |
NBR1 |
- |
- |
63 |
||
Pexophagy (yeasts) |
Peroxisomes |
Pex3, Pex14 |
Atg30 |
Atg11, Atg17 |
- |
17, 18 |
Pexophagy (mammals) |
Peroxisomes |
Pex14 |
- |
- |
LC3 |
64 |
Ub |
SQSTM1 |
- |
LC3 |
65 |
||
Mitophagy (yeasts) |
Mitochondria |
Outer membrane |
Atg32 |
Atg11 |
Atg8 |
28, 29 |
Mitophagy (mammals) |
Mitochondria |
Outer membrane |
BNIP3, BNIP3L, FUNDC1 |
- |
LC3, GABARAP |
30–33 |
Ub |
SQSTM1 |
- |
LC3 |
66–72 |
||
Xenophagy (mammals) | Viruses |
Viral capsid proteins |
SQSTM1 |
- |
LC3 |
73 |
Ubiquitinated bacteria |
Ub |
SQSTM1, CALCOCO2, OPTN |
- |
LC3 |
34–36, 74–76 |
|
Bactericidal factors |
FAU, Ub |
SQSTM1 |
- |
LC3 |
77 |
|
Membrane remnants, damaged vesicles | Ub, LGALS8 | SQSTM1, CALCOCO2 | - | LC3 | 78, 79 |