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. 2012 Oct 10;32(41):14217–14226. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1473-12.2012

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Intra-amygdala DHPG results in bladder hyperalgesia. A, Illustration of in vivo urinary bladder distention VMR setup. Compressed air guided into the bladder with a catheter is used to distend the bladder. Distention induces a visceromotor response that is recorded as an EMG from the abdominal muscles. Representative EMG traces show that the VMR response increases with increasing bladder distention pressure. B, Mice are cannulated in the right CeA, and drug is delivered via the cannula. C, Infusion of an mGluR1/5 agonist, DHPG (0.1 nmol), into the right CeA (n = 7) induces a hyperalgesic response to graded bladder distention compared with baseline (pretreatment) values. EMG inset shows representative EMG trace to 50 mmHg distention at baseline and following DHPG treatment (step represents 20 s distention stimulus). Brain atlas insets show cannula targeting with black stars indicative of cannula tip. D, Treatment with intra-amygdala vehicle (aCSF) (n = 7) had no effect on the evoked response to graded bladder distention. Brain atlas insets show cannula targeting with white stars indicative of cannula tip (***p < 0.001, two-way ANOVA main effect of treatment; *p < 0.05, Bonferroni's post test compared with baseline value). Error bars indicate SEM. BLA, Basolateral amygdala; CeL, lateral division of CeA; CeLC, laterocapsular division of CeA; CeM, medial division of CeA.