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. 2012 Sep 27;109(45):18318–18323. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1212272109

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3.

The percent contribution of gasoline and diesel exhaust to SOA over 0% to 50% diesel fuel use demonstrates the predominance of diesel sources for SOA formation. SOA contributions form the two sources are equivalent at 6% diesel fuel use. The United States and California state averages shown are based on total on- and off-road use. The urban areas in California shown are for on-road fuel use only; off-road contributions will increase the diesel fraction of total use by several percent, but are not available at this scale.