Table 3.
Demographic and background data.
| Demographic Data |
L DLPFC | R DLPFC | Focal NonDLPFC |
NO LESION | Kruskal-Wallis χ2 |
Kruskal-Wallis p value |
Significant between-group differences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 57.57 (1.13) | 60.00 (3.35) | 58.52 (2.29) | 59.52 (3.42) | 7.42 | 0.06 | none |
| Sex (% male) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | n/a | n/a | none |
| Years of Education | 15.43 (2.99) | 14.22 (2.86) | 14.33 (2.99) | 15.19 (2.47) | 2.02 | 0.57 | none |
| Pre-combat AFQT | 53.43 (31.99) | 54.88 (28.61) | 54.20 (23.68) | 65.40 (22.91) | 3.70 | 0.29 | none |
| Post-combat AFQT | 57.50 (29.49) | 60.44 (25.89) | 61.69 (22.68) | 72.34 (22.99) | 5.75 | 0.12 | none |
| Post-combat Verbal IQ | 103.57 (20.69) | 99.89 (15.72) | 102.70 (11.91) | 109.87 (12.38) | 7.06 | 0.07 | none |
| Post-combat Verbal Comprehension | 107.57 (22.28) | 101.11 (15.88) | 102.30 (13.12) | 109.66 (12.04) | 6.48 | 0.09 | none |
| Total Percent Volume Loss (cm3) | 2.99 (1.42) | 2.55 (2.03) | 2.97 (1.90) | n/a | 1.19 | 0.55 | none |
Data are presented as means with standard deviations in parentheses. “Age” refers to age at the time of Phase 3 evaluation. “Sex” refers to the percent of male veterans. “Years of Education” refers to the total number of years of education the veterans completed. “Pre-combat AFQT” refers to index scores on the Armed Forces Qualification Test, a battery of tests measuring basic cognitive function at the time of enlistment (pre-injury). “Post-combat AFQT” refers to index scores on the Armed Forces Qualification Test administered at Walter Reed Medical Center after injury. “Post-combat Verbal IQ” refers to the Phase 3 Verbal IQ Index score from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. “Post-combat Verbal Comprehension” refers to the Phase 3 Verbal Comprehension Index score from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. There were no significant differences among groups for any measure. Non-parametric statistics were used to test for group effects and for the pairwise comparisons given the small number of participants in each sample. Significant between-group differences were determined with the Mann- Whitney U Test.