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Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model of metformin. The PK are described by a one compartment model in which concentration in the central compartment (Cp) is linked to the PD model. The drug (D) interacts with the receptor (R) and produces a drug−receptor complex (DR) that initiates a series of signal transduction processes. τ is the mean production time for second messengers (M1–M3)
