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. 2012 Aug 31;12:724. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-724

Table 3.

Odds ratio for depression according to smoking exposure among current smokers

  Cumulative smoking exposure
Light smokers [≦10.0] (n = 615) Moderate smokers [10.1 – 20.0] (n = 1,259) Heavy smokers [>20.0] (n = 2,213)
Men
(n = 515)
(n = 1,181)
(n = 2,164)
Unadjusted
1.00 (Reference)
0.53 (0.28-0.98)
0.83 (0.47-1.45)
Multivariate- adjusted*
1.00 (Reference)
0.71 (0.40-1.26)
1.24 (0.73-2.09)
Women
(n = 100)
(n = 78)
(n = 49)
Unadjusted
1.00 (Reference)
0.58 (0.19-1.69)
3.65 (1.15-11.59)
Multivariate- adjusted* 1.00 (Reference) 0.63 (0.23-1.69) 3.97 (1.42-11.14)

Data are presented as mean (standard error) or odds ratio (95% confidence interval).

*Adjusted for age, income status, education status, marital status, job status, drinking status, BMI, physical activity, Hypertension, Diabetes mellitus, and Cerebrovascular disease.