Fig. 2.
Indications for performing an ET (a) or an EDT (b). SOL signs of life, ED emergency department. Persisting shock was defined as a systolic blood pressure of ≥60 and <100 mmHg and no response to resuscitation or a transient response. Severe shock was defined as a systolic blood pressure of <60 mmHg and no response to resuscitation or a transient response. CTA findings included gross contrast extravasation, a hemothorax, or air leakage