Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Voice. 2011 Dec 29;26(5):667.e1–667.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.08.011

TABLE 2.

Clinical and Demographic Characteristics

Characteristic Controls
(n = 146)
SD
(n = 128)
P Value
Gender
 Female 96 (66) 101 (79) 0.02
 Male 50 (34) 27 (21)
Race
 White/Caucasian 102 (70) 103 (80) 0.13
 Black/African
  American
36 (25) 20 (16)
 Other 8 (5) 5 (4)
Age, y 55.0 ± 14.9 59.3 ± 12.4 0.009
Duration of disease, y 7.4 ± 12.7 17.4 ± 13.6 <0.001
Depression 42 (29) 36 (28) 0.91
Anxiety 28 (19) 32 (25) 0.25
Depression and/or
 anxiety
51 (35) 52 (41) 0.33

Values are represented as mean ± standard deviation or frequency (%).