Table 2.

Association between BMI, WHtR and FMI with BP at age 5 years by ethnicity

	Dutch		Turkish		Moroccan		Black-African		Black-Caribbean
	Beta (95%CI)	R2†	Beta (95%CI)	R2	Beta (95%CI)	R2	Beta (95%CI)	R2	Beta (95%CI)	R2
BMI z-score‡
Systolic BP	1.31 (0.71, 1.92)	0.028	2.46 (1.20, 3.72)	0.131	2.37 (1.33, 4.42)	0.122	1.83 (0.36, 3.30)	0.086	1.48 (0.18, 2.28)	0.037
Diastolic BP	1.32 (0.74, 1.90)	0.016	1.09 (-0.22, 2.41)	0.047	1.19 (0.36, 2.02)	0.052	1.13 (-0.18, 2.44)	0.012	0.59 (-0.58, 1.77)	0.033
WHtR z-score
Systolic BP	1.43 (0.91, 1.94)	0.024	1.24 (-0.33, 2.81)	0.022	1.93 (0.51, 3.36)	0.035	1.50 (-0.46, 3.46)	0.027	1.02 (-0.54, 2.58)	0.011
Diastolic BP	1.02 (0.53, 1.52)	0.008	0.56 (-1.03, 2.15)	0.009	1.40 (0.31, 2.50)	0.029	1.25 (-0.45, 2.94)	0.034	0.42 (-1.00, 1.84)	0.007
FMI z-score
Systolic BP‡	0.84 (0.23-1.45)	0.006	2.41 (1.09-3.73)	0.125	1.99 (0.81-3.18)	0.098	1.98 (0.17-3.78)	0.057	0.89 (-0.42, 2.20)	0.018
Diastolic BP	1.10 (0.64-1.56)	0.010	1.21 (-0.19-2.62)	0.023	1.42 (0.49-2.34)	0.038	2.14 (0.58-3.70)	0.043	0.77 (-0.42, 1.95)	0.009

Abbreviations: BMI body mass index, WHtR waist-to-height ratio, FMI fat mass index, BP blood pressure.

Covariates include: child's age, sex, birth weight and height.

Explained variance (R2) for child’s age, sex, birth weight and height: Dutch SBP: 0.098 and DBP: 0.043, Turkish: SBP: 0.140 and DBP: 0.098, Moroccan SBP: 0.067 and DBP: 0.185, Black-African SBP: 0.255 and DBP: 0.146 and Black-Caribbean SBP: 0.225 and DBP: 0.113.

†R2=explained variance for BMI, WHtR or FMI.

‡Estimated Betas for z-BMI=0 or z-FMI=0.