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. 2012 May 1;9(5):542–548. doi: 10.4161/rna.19899

graphic file with name rna-9-542-g1.jpg

Figure 1. Two novel functions for pADPr in the cytoplasm. The covalent model indicates the alteration of protein properties inherently (highlighted with a star in the figure) whereas the caffold model indicates that the change of protein function relies on new non-covalent protein associations through pADPr.