Table I.

Baseline characteristics and operative data for 2,226 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery. Results of univariable and multivariable analyses for prediction of post-operative stroke are reported.

	N. of patients	Univariable analysis p-value	Multivariable analysis OR, 95% CI
Age (years)*	67.1±9.2	0.047
Females	476 (21.4)	0.31
Haemoglobin (g/L)	137±16	0.98
Creatinine (μmol/L)*	90±52	<0.0001	1.003, 1.000–1.006
INR	1.1±0.7	0.88
Dialysis	17 (0.8)	0.060
Pulmonary disease	213 (9.6)	0.48
Diabetes	594 (26.6)	0.88
Hypertension	1,557 (69.9)	0.65
Atrial fibrillation*	187 (8.4)	0.011	2.409, 1.149–5.052
Transient ischaemic attack	67 (3.0)	0.67
Stroke	92 (4.1)	1.00
Neurological dysfunction	38 (1.7)	0.060
Extracardiac arteriopathy*	201 (9.0)	0.011	2.342, 1.133–4.844
Previous PCI	288 (12.9)	0.15
Previous cardiac surgery	52 (2.3)	0.63
Pre-operative clopidogrel*	613 (27.5)	0.030
Pre-operative aspirin	2,109 (94.7)	0.73
Pre-operative warfarin	169 (7.6)	0.10
Recent myocardial infarction	831 (37.3)	0.13
Left ventricular ejection fraction*		0.037
>50%	1,651 (74.2)	0.037
30–50%	449 (20.2)
<30	100 (4.5)
Systemic pulmonary pressure >60 mmHg	35 (1.6)	0.20
Unstable angina*	329 (14.8)	0.010
Critical pre-operative status	130 (5.8)	0.55
Emergency surgery	201 (9.0)	0.28
Epi-aortic ultrasound	850 (38.2)	0.64
Diseased ascending aorta	111 (5.0)	0.73
Off-pump coronary surgery	804 (36.1)	0.80
Intra-operative use of tranexamic acid	1,641 (73.7)	0.98
N. of distal anastomoses	3.5±1.1	0.53
Logistic EuroSCORE (%)	5.6±8.4	0.003

Legend: Continuous variables are reported as mean and standard deviation or counts (%); INR: International Normalised Ratio; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention;

^*:variable included in the logistic regression model.