Table 3.
Study characteristics for the 54 studies included in the meta-analysis
| Study | Country | Study type | Study dates | Age at surgery, median years (range) | Number resected | Follow-up (months) | Prognostic factors reported |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adam93 | France | Cohort | 1993–2000 | 59.5 (32–78) | 138 | 48.7 | Number of metastases Tumor size |
| Ahmad96 | US | Cohort | 1997–2003 | 63 (28–85) | 64 | 10 | CEA level Number of metastases Positive primary node Tumor size |
| Aoki16 | Japan | Cohort | 1988–2005 | 64 (27–83) | 187 | 25 | Extrahepatic disease Primary tumor grade Positive margin Number of metastases |
| Blazer99 | US | Cohort | 1997–2007 | 57 (26–85) | 305 | 25 | Positive margin Number of metastases Tumor size |
| Capussotti100 | Italy | Cohort | 1985–2004 | mean Syn (n = 70): 64.9 (37–83) mean Meta (n = 57): 60.8 (39–83) |
127 | 38.2 | Number of metastases |
| Chiu102 | Taiwan | Case series | 1977–2004 | 58 (SD 11) | 166 | 24.6 | Positive margin |
| Choti14 | US | Case series | 1984–1999 | 62 (32–87) | 226 | 121 | CEA level Positive margin |
| de Haas104 | France | Case series | 1990–2006 | – | 806 | >40 | Extrahepatic disease Tumor size |
| DeMatteo25 | US | Case series | 1985–1998 | 65 (28–87) | 267 | 25 | CEA level Extrahepatic disease Positive margin |
| DeOliveira106 | US | Case series | 1998–2004 | 64 (22–87) | 84 | 26.2 | CEA level Positive margin Number of metastases Positive primary node Tumor size |
| Elias107 | France | Cohort | 1987–2000 | 58 (18–86) | 308 | 99 | Extrahepatic disease Number of metastases |
| Farid109 | UK | Case series | 1993–2007 | 46 (23–91) | 705 | 38 | Number of metastases |
| Fernandez10 | US | Cohort | 1995–2002 | 61.1 (23–86) | 100 | 31 | Primary tumor grade Number of metastases Positive primary node Tumor size |
| Finch110 | UK | Cohort | 1993–2003 | 61 (23–84) | 484 | 33 | Positive margin Number of metastases Positive primary node |
| Gallagher111 | US | Cohort | 1995–2003 | 61 (27–85) | 111 | 63 | Positive margin Positive primary node |
| Hamady114 | UK | Case series | 1993–2001 | 61 (38–80) | 293 | 29 | Positive margin Positive primary node |
| Hayashi115 | Japan | Case series | 1993–2006 | 60 (33–80) | 53 | 27.9 | Positive margin |
| House116 | US | Cohort | 1985–2004 | 1985–1998 (n = 1037): 63.1 (20–87) 1999–2004 (n = 563): 61.5 (23–89) |
1600 | 36 | Extrahepatic disease Positive margin |
| Iwatsuki27 | US | Case series | 1981–1996 | 60 (26–82) | 305 | 36 | Number of metastases Positive margin |
| Kaibori118 | Japan | Cohort | 1993–2007 | Syn (n = 32): 62.3 (SD 9.3) Meta (n = 42): 65.0 (S 9.9) |
74 | 31 | Positive margin |
| Kanemitsu119 | Japan | Cohort | 1990–1998 | 61 (28–88) | 578 | 55.2 | Extrahepatic disease Primary tumor grade |
| Kemeny28 | US | Clinical trial | NR | Combined therapy (n = 74): 59 (28–79) Monotherapy (n = 82): 59 (30–77) |
156 | 62.7 | Tumor size |
| Kishi123 | US | Cohort | 1997–2007 | 57 (23–86) | 200 | 29 | Positive margin Number of metastases |
| Kokudo87 | Japan | Case series | 1980–2000 | 59.0 (35–82) | 194 | 29.1 | Extrahepatic disease Number of metastases Tumor size |
| Kooby88 | US | Cohort | 1986–2001 | – | 1351 | 35 | Extrahepatic disease Positive margin Number of metastases Positive primary node Tumor size |
| Korita89 | Japan | Cohort | 1990–2004 | 64 (32–80) | 105 | 124 | Positive margin |
| Laurent90 | France | Case series | 1985–2000 | 63 (31–86) | 311 | 29 | Number of metastases Positive primary node |
| Lee92 | Korea | Cohort | 1994–2005 | 59 (26–79) | 138 | 47.2 | Number of metastases Positive primary node |
| Mala77 | Norway | Case series | 1977–1999 | 61 (23–79) | 137 | 27 | CEA level Positive primary node |
| Malik78 | UK | Case series | 1993–2006 | 64 (23–87) | 687 | 34 | Positive margin Number of metastases Tumor size |
| Marti17 | Spain | Case series | 1994–2006 (Split periods: 1994–2000; 2000–2006) | 1994–2000 (n = 93): 63.9 (40–81) 2000–2006 (n = 143): 62.5 (36–81) |
236 | 69.6 | Extrahepatic disease Number of metastases Positive primary node Tumor size |
| Minagawa79 | Japan | Case series | 1980–2002 | – | 369 | 47.4 | Number of metastases Positive primary node |
| Nanashima82 | Japan | Case series | 1990–2006 | 63 (24–85) | 130 | 56 | Positive primary node |
| Nikfarjam13 | US | Case series | 2002–2007 | 66 (44–86) | 65 | 24 | Positive margin Number of metastases Positive primary node |
| Niu72 | Australia | Case series | 1990–2006 | Mean 62 (SD 11) | 415 | 25 | Extrahepatic disease Primary tumor grade Tumor size |
| Oussoultzoglou69 | France | Case series | 2000–2004 | Mean 63.7 (39.7–84.2) | 213 | 34.7 | Number of metastases Tumor size |
| Oussoultzoglou68 | France | Case series | 2000–2006 | 58.4 (29–78) | 45 | 25.5 | CEA level |
| Pawlik70 | US Italy Switzerland |
Cohort | 1990–2004 | 60 (19–88) | 557 | 29 | CEA level Positive margin Number of metastases Tumor size |
| Petrowsky63 | Germany | Case series | 1985–1995 | 61 (20–75) | 41 | 39 | Number of metastases |
| Portier64 | France Switzerland |
Clinical trial | 1991–2001 | – | 171 | 87.4 | Number of metastases Tumor size |
| Reddy65 | US | Cohort | 1985–2005 | 57 (49–66) | 449 | 48 | CEA Extrahepatic disease Number of metastases |
| Rees4 | UK | Case series | 1987–2005 | 62 (25–86) | 929 | 26.4 | Extrahepatic disease Primary tumor grade Positive margin Number of metastases Positive primary node Tumor size |
| Reissfelder55 | Germany | Cohort | 2002–2008 | 63 (30–88) | 281 | 36 | CEA level |
| Sasaki58 | Japan | Case series | 1985–2003 | Mean 64.0 | 103 | 24 | Number of metastases |
| Schiesser59 | Australia | Case series | 1992–2005 | 64 (22–92) | 197 | 54 | Positive margin Number of metastases Positive primary node |
| Shah61 | Canada | Cohort | 1996–2004 | 64 (23–90) | 841 | 24 | Number of metastases |
| Sturm44 | Germany | Case series | 1985–1995 | 61 (20–75) | 40 | 40 | Primary tumor grade Number of metastases Positive primary node |
| Ueno36 | Japan | Case series | 1985–1996 | Average 60.2 (33–79) | 85 | 52 | Number of metastases Positive primary node |
| van der Pool34 | Netherlands | Case series | 2000–2008 | 62 (28–84) | 272 | 25 | Number of metastases |
| Wang38 | US | Cohort | 1991–2003 | – | 923 | 26 | Primary tumor grade |
| Wei40 | Canada | Case series | 1992–2002 | 62.7 (23–88) | 395 | 31 | Positive margin Number of metastases Tumor size |
| Wicherts42 | France | Case series | 1992–2007 | 58.2 (32.8–83.7) | 59 | 24.4 | Extrahepatic disease Number of metastases |
| Yamada29 | Japan | Case series | 1988–1995 | (42–82) | 90 | 26.8 | Positive primary node |
| Yamamoto31 | Japan | Case series | 1992–1994 | – | 96 | 37.6 | Number of metastases |
Abbreviations: CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; Meta, metachronous; NR, not reported; SD, standard deviation; Syn, synchronous.