Figure 3.

YF₃ NP crystallinity characterization. (A) Powder XRD analysis of the crystalline NPs. The XRD pattern matched the reflection peaks and relative Miller indices of orthorhombic YF₃. (B) HR-TEM micrographs of YF₃ NPs and (C) characteristic lattice fringes of the crystalline phases indicated by the black arrow in (B). (D) Selected area diffraction patterns of polycrystalline YF₃ NPs shown in (B).

Abbreviations: HR-TEM, high-resolution transmission microscope; NP, nanoparticle; XRD, X-ray diffraction; YF₃, yttrium fluoride.