Table 2.

Additive genetic covariance matrix (G) for male and female traits. G consists of four submatrices: the additive genetic covariance matrix for (a) males (G_m) and (d) females (G_f) and the additive genetic covariance between (c) the sexes (B) and (b) its transpose (B^T). Subscripts m and f refer to males and females, respectively. Values are log₁₀ (×1000). TC, total cholesterol (mg/100 ml); WT, weight (kg); HT, height (cm); SBP/DBP, systolic/diastolic blood pressure (mmHg); GLU, blood glucose (mg/100 ml); BIR, age at first birth. p-values: bold, p < 0.001; bold italic, p < 0.01; italic, p < 0.05; others, p > 0.05. Bonferroni adjustment was applied to p-values (α = 0.05/105 = 0.00047). Cultural (smoking, education, country of origin) and common environment (maternal ID) effects were accounted for in all estimates.

	TCm	WTm	HTm	SBPm	DBPm	GLUm	BIRm	TCf	WTf	HTf	SBPf	DBPf	GLUf	BIRf
(a)								(c)
TCm	2.64							3.63
WTm	−0.07	1.86						−0.44	4.28
HTm	−0.09	0.48	0.23					−0.13	0.56	0.26
SBPm	0.19	0.03	−0.05	1.26				0.61	−0.15	−0.08	1.77
DBPm	0.18	0.55	0.03	1.28	0.90			0.26	0.23	−0.06	1.23	1.61
GLUm	−0.04	−0.25	−0.17	0.83	0.47	1.20		−0.17	1.50	−0.06	1.30	0.68	2.10
BIRm	−0.53	−0.27	0.33	−0.47	−1.65	−0.27	0.63	−0.11	0.08	0.05	0.28	−0.52	−0.54	1.54
(b)								(d)
TCf	3.63							2.43
WTf	−0.22	4.28						−0.50	2.86
HTf	−0.10	0.56	0.26					−0.12	0.47	0.23
SBPf	−0.03	0.49	−0.001	1.77				0.11	0.64	0.02	1.47
DBPf	−0.03	0.49	0.03	1.32	1.61			0.17	0.84	0.03	1.82	1.02
GLUf	0.37	0.60	0.03	0.74	0.54	2.10		0.31	1.17	−0.06	1.26	0.74	1.07
BIRf	−0.68	0.87	0.41	−0.56	−1.24	−0.59	1.54	−0.47	0.08	0.23	−0.75	−0.57	−0.83	0.97