TABLE 2.

Multivariable-adjusted mean coronary artery–calcification Agatston score (2002–2005) according to quartiles of total, dietary, and supplemental calcium intake at baseline (1998–2001) in the Framingham Offspring Study¹

	Log (Agatston score + 1)
	Women	Men
Total energy-adjusted calcium intake quartile
1	2.36 (2.01, 2.71)	4.32 (3.94, 4.70)
2	2.52 (2.20, 2.84)	4.39 (4.03, 3.75)
3	2.16 (1.83, 2.48)	4.19 (3.83, 4.55)
4	2.39 (2.06, 2.73)	4.37 (3.98, 4.75)
P-trend	0.74	0.94
Dietary energy-adjusted calcium intake quartile
1	2.34 (2.01, 2.68)	4.24 (3.87, 4.62)
2	2.28 (1.96, 2.61)	4.53 (4.17, 4.89)
3	2.43 (2.10, 2.75)	4.05 (3.69, 4.41)
4	2.38 (2.05, 2.71)	4.44 (4.07, 4.81)
P-trend	0.74	0.92
Supplemental calcium (mg/d)
0	2.53 (2.24, 2.83)	4.41 (4.20, 4.63)
1–500	2.25 (1.96, 2.54)	3.98 (3.54, 4.43)
>500	2.28 (1.98, 2.57)	4.16 (3.37, 4.96)
P-trend	0.46	0.21

¹All values are means; 95% CIs in parentheses. Model was adjusted for age (y) and total energy (kcal), BMI (kg/m²), smoking (never, past, or current), alcohol consumption (oz/wk), energy-adjusted total vitamin D intake (IU), and, for women, menopause status (postmenopausal or premenopausal) and hormone-replacement therapy (yes or no). In models with energy-adjusted dietary calcium as the main effect, supplementary calcium (mg) was included as a covariate. In models with supplementary calcium as the main effect, energy-adjusted dietary calcium (mg) was included as a covariate. Quartiles of total energy-adjusted calcium were as follows: quartile 1, ≤772 mg/d in women and ≤652 mg/d in men; quartile 2, 773–1127 mg/d in women and 653–803 mg/d in men; quartile 3, 1128–1557 in women and 804–1046 in men; and quartile 4, ≥1558 in women and ≥1047 in men. Quartiles of dietary energy-adjusted calcium were as follows: quartile 1, ≤408 mg/d in women and ≤587 mg/d in men; quartile 2, 409–550 mg/d in women and 588–721 mg/d in men; quartile 3, 551–714 mg/d in women and 722–896 mg/d in men; and quartile 4, ≥715 mg/d in women and ≥897 mg/d in men.