TABLE 3.
Rates of hospitalizations, unscheduled clinic visits, and symptoms of common infectious illnesses among HIV-exposed Tanzanian children randomly assigned to receive daily multivitamins or placebo
| Morbidity | Multivitamin | Placebo | RR (95% CI) | 1 |
| 2 | 2 | |||
| Hospitalizations | 0.62 (127/20,533) | 0.80 (166/20,775) | 0.83 (0.62, 1.13) | 0.23 |
| Unscheduled outpatient visits | 3.01 (619/2,0533) | 3.15 (655/20,775) | 0.97 (0.85, 1.10) | 0.59 |
| Diarrhea | 4.31 (885/20,531) | 4.47 (929/20,774) | 0.97 (0.87, 1.10) | 0.64 |
| Cold | 25.67 (5261/20,493) | 25.94 (5373/20,716) | 1.00 (0.95, 1.05) | 0.95 |
| Cough | 30.79 (6310/20,492) | 30.45 (6308/20,715) | 1.02 (0.9, 1.07) | 0.51 |
| Difficulty breathing | 1.43 (293/20,493) | 1.31 (272/20,719) | 1.06 (0.85, 1.33) | 0.60 |
| Fever | 11.46 (2349/20,493) | 12.60 (2611/20,720) | 0.92 (0.85, 0.99) | 0.02 |
| Refusal to eat, drink, or breastfeed | 2.72 (557/20,493) | 2.95 (611/20,721) | 0.93 (0.80, 1.07) | 0.30 |
| Pus draining from ears | 0.82 (168/20,493) | 0.97 (201/20,721) | 0.81 (0.58, 1.12) | 0.20 |
| Vomiting | 1.46 (299/20,493) | 1.91 (395/20,721) | 0.78 (0.65, 0.93) | 0.007 |
| Cough and fever | 6.65 (1362/20,493) | 7.28 (1508/20,721) | 0.92 (0.84, 1.01) | 0.09 |
| Cough plus3 | 2.46 (505/20,493) | 2.45 (508/20,721) | 1.02 (0.87, 1.20) | 0.80 |
| Cough with rapid respiratory rate4 | 0.02 (4/20,493) | 0.01 (1/20,721) | 4.05 (0.45, 36.1) | 0.34 |
value was obtained from generalized estimating equations with the binomial distribution, log link, and exchangeable correlation structure. The analyses were adjusted for the age of the children (<6, 6–18, and >18 mo).
Total number of events occurring during follow-up, defined as being reported in the 28 d (4 wk) before the visit.
Defined as cough with one or more of the following events: difficulty breathing, chest retractions, and refusal to eat, drink, or breastfeed.
Defined as a respiratory rate >60/min in infants aged <2 mo, >50/min in those aged 2 mo, and >40/min in those aged 12–59 mo.