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. 2012 Nov 7;96(6):1437–1446. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.112.044263

TABLE 3.

Rates of hospitalizations, unscheduled clinic visits, and symptoms of common infectious illnesses among HIV-exposed Tanzanian children randomly assigned to receive daily multivitamins or placebo

Morbidity Multivitamin Placebo RR (95% CI) 1
2 2
Hospitalizations 0.62 (127/20,533) 0.80 (166/20,775) 0.83 (0.62, 1.13) 0.23
Unscheduled outpatient visits 3.01 (619/2,0533) 3.15 (655/20,775) 0.97 (0.85, 1.10) 0.59
Diarrhea 4.31 (885/20,531) 4.47 (929/20,774) 0.97 (0.87, 1.10) 0.64
Cold 25.67 (5261/20,493) 25.94 (5373/20,716) 1.00 (0.95, 1.05) 0.95
Cough 30.79 (6310/20,492) 30.45 (6308/20,715) 1.02 (0.9, 1.07) 0.51
Difficulty breathing 1.43 (293/20,493) 1.31 (272/20,719) 1.06 (0.85, 1.33) 0.60
Fever 11.46 (2349/20,493) 12.60 (2611/20,720) 0.92 (0.85, 0.99) 0.02
Refusal to eat, drink, or breastfeed 2.72 (557/20,493) 2.95 (611/20,721) 0.93 (0.80, 1.07) 0.30
Pus draining from ears 0.82 (168/20,493) 0.97 (201/20,721) 0.81 (0.58, 1.12) 0.20
Vomiting 1.46 (299/20,493) 1.91 (395/20,721) 0.78 (0.65, 0.93) 0.007
Cough and fever 6.65 (1362/20,493) 7.28 (1508/20,721) 0.92 (0.84, 1.01) 0.09
Cough plus3 2.46 (505/20,493) 2.45 (508/20,721) 1.02 (0.87, 1.20) 0.80
Cough with rapid respiratory rate4 0.02 (4/20,493) 0.01 (1/20,721) 4.05 (0.45, 36.1) 0.34
1

value was obtained from generalized estimating equations with the binomial distribution, log link, and exchangeable correlation structure. The analyses were adjusted for the age of the children (<6, 6–18, and >18 mo).

2

Total number of events occurring during follow-up, defined as being reported in the 28 d (4 wk) before the visit.

3

Defined as cough with one or more of the following events: difficulty breathing, chest retractions, and refusal to eat, drink, or breastfeed.

4

Defined as a respiratory rate >60/min in infants aged <2 mo, >50/min in those aged 2 mo, and >40/min in those aged 12–59 mo.