TABLE 2.
Association of adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet, assessed using the MDS at baseline and the odds of frailty and its components in InCHIANTI participants during a follow-up of 6 y12
| Frailty and its components | Age, sex adjusted, OR (95% CI) | Multivariate, OR (95% CI) |
| MDS score | ||
| Feeling of exhaustion | ||
| Low | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Medium | 0.96 (0.66, 1.39) | 0.94 (0.63, 1.41) |
| High | 0. 69 (0.45, 1.07) | 0.73 (0.45, 1.16) |
| Low physical activity | ||
| Low | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Medium | 0.66 (0.46, 0.95) | 0.69 (0.47, 1.01) |
| High | 0.58 (0.39, 0.88) | 0.62 (0.40, 0.96) |
| Poor muscle strength | ||
| Low | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Medium | 1.14 (0.73, 1.79) | 1.09 (0.69, 1.73) |
| High | 0.85 (0.51, 1.43) | 0.82 (0.48, 1.40) |
| Low walking speed | ||
| Low | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Medium | 0.85 (0.54, 1.34) | 0.85 (0.53, 1.37) |
| High | 0.47 (0.27, 0.81) | 0.48 (0.27, 0.86) |
| Frailty | ||
| Low | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Medium | 0.60 (0.34, 1.06) | 0.71 (0.42, 1.21) |
| High | 0.26 (0.11, 0.59) | 0.30 (0.14, 0.66) |
1
Multivariate model: adjusted for age (y), sex, energy intake (kcal/d), status of frailty (or its components) at previous examinations, BMI (kg/m2), education (y), MMSE score, current smoker (Y/N), and presence of chronic diseases (Y/N). InCHIANTI, Invecchiare in Chianti; MDS, Mediterranean Diet Score; MMSE, Mini Mental State Examination.
2
MDS scores for categories: low, ≤3; medium, 4–5; high, ≥6.