Figure 5.

Although the discussion of management strategies is beyond the scope of the present manuscript, this figure shows a flow chart outlining a suggested algorithm for the management of patients with chest pain despite angiographically normal coronary arteries, in whom the underlying mechanism is coronary microvascular dysfunction. ACS, acute coronary syndrome; CAD, coronary artery disease; CFR, coronary flow reserve; CV, cardiovascular; ETA, endothelin-type A receptor; IMR, index of microvascular resistance; IVUS, intravascular ultrasound; MBF, myocardial blood flow.