TABLE 6.

Common Causes of Liver Allograft Dysfunction

Allograft rejection (acute or chronic)

Cytomegalovirus infection or reactivation

Recurrence of primary liver disease

Hepatitis C

Hepatitis B

Autoimmune liver diseases (autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis)

Alcoholism

Hepatocellular cancer

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

Vascular complications (hepatic artery thrombosis or stenosis, venous outflow impairment)

Biliary complications (bile leak, biliary strictures, stones/casts)

Drug-induced liver injury

Sepsis or systemic infection

Development of new unrelated liver disease in allograft