Table 1.

Examples of aldehyde-tag conjugation conditions.

aldehyde reactive compound	chemical structure	protein	reagent concentration	conditions
Biotin hydrazide		MBP6, GFP6, PDGFR-TM6	30–300 μM	100 mM MES, pH 5.5, 37 °C, 2 h (in vitro) 50 μM, 10% FBS in PBS, pH 6.4, 1 h (cell culture)
AO-Flag		MBP7, HGH7, IgG Fc6	300 μM	100 mM MES, pH 5.5, 37 °C, 2 h
AO-Alexa Fluor 647		Stf07, MBP7, hGH7	300 μM	100 mM MES, pH 5.5, 37 °C, 2 h
AO-PEG		Stf07, MBP7	10 mM	1:1 MeCN/H2O, 0.1% (wt/vol) TFA, 1 h followed by lyophilization
AO-Alexa Fluor 488		IgG6, mouse-CD4 (ref. 6)	300 μM	100 mM MES, pH 5.5, 37 °C, 2 h (in vitro) 50 μM, 10% (vol/vol) FBS in PBS, pH 6.4, 1 h (cell culture)
1 AO-glycan		hGH9	1 mM	5% (vol/vol) MeCN, 0.02% formic acid or, 5% MeCN, 50 mM sodium citrate
AO-azide		hIgG10, MBP10, hGH10	0.2–1 mM 10–20 equiv.	100 mM KOAc, pH 4.6, 16 h, 35 °C
AO-DIBAC		hIgG10, MBP10	0.2–1 mM 10–20 equiv.	100 mM KOAc, pH 4.6, 16 h, 35 °C