Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies.
| Tools (Author, Year) | Age (mean±SD) |
Setting | Total sample (N) |
Sample with delirium (N, %) |
Sample without delirium or dementia (N,%) |
Sample with dementia (N, %) |
Sample with DSD (N,%) |
Sample with depression (N,%) |
Sensitivity of the tool in the entire sample |
Specificity of the tool in the entire sample |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SPMSQ (Erkinjuntti1987)22 | 75.2 ± 7.2 | Geriatrics | 282 | 58 (20.5) | 197 (70) | 34 (12) | 7 (2) | NA | 7.3%–98%% | 82%–100% |
| CAM (Inouye 1990)24 | 77 to 81 ± 5.4 to 7.9 | Internal Medicine Service | 56 | 26 (46) | 27 (48) | 12 (21) | 9 (16) | 9 | 94%–100% | 90%–95% |
| DRS (Rosen 1994)26 | 72.6 ± 9.4 | Geriatrics | 791 | 70 (9) | 524 (66) | 197 (27) | NA | NA | 94% | 82% |
| CTD (Hart 1996)23 | 34.4 to 64.9 ± 12.3 to 14.6 | ICU | 103 | 22 (21) | 55 (53) | 26 (25) | NA | 224 (28), major depression | 100% | 95% |
| CAM-ICU (Ely 2001)20 | 55.3 ± 17.4 | ICU | 96 | 80 (83) | 15 (16) | 12 (15) | 11(11) | 30 (29) | 93%–100% | 98% –100% |
| CAM-ICU (Ely 2001)21 | 60 ± 19 | ICU | 38 | 33 (89) | 5 (13) | 11 (29) | NA | NA | 95% –100% | 89% –93% |
| CAM-ICU (Mitasova2011)27 | 71.2 ± 11.5 | Stroke unit | 129 | 55 (47) | 88 (68) | 41 (31.8) | 21 (38) | NA | 76% | 98% |
| EEG (Thomas 2007)28 | 84.1 ± 3.9 | Geriatrics | 35 | 23 (65) | 0 (0) | 35 (100) | 12 (34) | NA | 67% | 91% |
| CAM (Hestermann2009)25 | 82.6 ± 6.7 | Geriatrics | 39 | 13 (33) | 26 (67) | 33 (85) | 11 (28) | NA | 77% | 96–100% |
Abbreviations: CAM, Confusion Assessment Method; DRS, Delirium Rating Scale; CAM-ICU, Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit; CTD, Cognitive Test for Delirium; EEG, electroencephalography; NA, non available; SPMSQ, Short-Portable Mental Status Questionnaire.