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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: BJU Int. 2012 Sep 3;110(11 0 0):E871–E877. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2012.11382.x

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Efficiency of stone breakage for coupling windows created using circular apertures of different diameter. Vertical axis shows percent breakage normalized to breakage when the coupling interface was entirely unobstructed (no fixed aperture or other coupling defect). Stones were treated with 400 SWs (PL-3, 60 SW/min). Number of stones broken for each group was 6 or 7. Legend indicates P-values for Tukey test, showing significant differences as compared with the 8.0 cm aperture, but breakage was also reduced with 6.0 cm aperture, as judged by t-test showing the mean to be lower than 100% (P<0.05).