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. 2012 Aug 22;2(6):726–737. doi: 10.1098/rsfs.2012.0025

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Figure 4. — Variability of speed and shape during turning. (a) Snapshot of model of fish school while slowing down in inner corner (blue) and speeding up in outer corner (green till fastest individuals indicated in red). (b) Loss of altitude while turning approximately each 10 s during a period of 60 s in model of birds, StarDisplay [5,47]. (c) Turning of flock by 90° at almost fixed speed in model StarDisplay [47]. Flock shape changes relative to the movement direction (from wide to oblong), individuals 1 and 2 follow paths of the same length and their location changes in the flock. (d) Snapshot of school during turning in fish model with extremely low variability of speed. The school is no longer oblong, but approximately as long as wide.