Table 2. Strategies for humanization of therapeutic antibodies.
Humanization strategies | References |
---|---|
Variable domain resurfacing via solvent-exposed residue exchange |
Roguska et al.30 Graff et al.31 |
Specificity-determining residue (SDR) grafting |
Tamura et al.32 Gonzales et al.33 Kashrimi et al.34 |
Coupled framework shuffling |
Dall’Acqua et al.35 Damschroder et al.36 |
Human string content optimization (HSC) |
Lazar et al.37 |
Superhumanization |
Hwang et al.38 |
Phage-display strategies |
Huse et al.39 Rosok et al.40 Rader et al.41 |
Engineering of fully human monoclonal antibodies | Bernett et al.42 |