Table 2.
Risk of subsequent salivary gland carcinoma among 14,135 five-year survivors of childhood cancer diagnosed between 1970–1986 and followed through 2004, with respect to demographic, clinical and lifestyle characteristics.
| Characteristics | O | SIR | 95% CI | RR* | 95% CI | P† |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 23 | 39.4 | 25.4–57.8 | ~ | ||
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 13 | 48.7 | 26.8–80.2 | 1.0 | ||
| Female | 10 | 31.6 | 15.8–55.4 | 0.7 | 0.3–1.5 | 0.34 |
| Age at diagnosis of the first cancer (years) | ||||||
| ≤ 4 | 9 | 54.3 | 26.1–97.8 | 1.0 | ||
| 5–9 | 3 | 24.2 | 6.0–62.8 | 0.6 | 0.1–2.0 | |
| 10–14 | 3 | 21.5 | 5.3–55.8 | 0.8 | 0.2–3.0 | 0.20‡ |
| 15–20 | 8 | 51.9 | 23.7–96.6 | 2.8 | 0.8–10.6 | |
| Original diagnosis | ||||||
| Leukemia@ | 10 | 59.3 | 29.7–104.0 | 1.0 | ||
| HL | 6 | 54.0 | 21.5–109.4 | 1.5 | 0.5 – 4.3 | 0.007 |
| NHL | 4 | 85.2 | 26.4–197.8 | 1.8 | 0.5 – 5.6 | |
| Other | 3 | 11.7 | 2.9 – 30.3 | 0.2 | 0.05 – 0.72 | |
| Attained age (years) | ||||||
| 5–14 | 6 | 138.7 | 55.1–281 | 1.0 | ||
| 15–19 | 3 | 29.4 | 7.3–76.3 | 0.2 | 0.04–0.8 | |
| 20–29 | 7 | 31.5 | 13.6–60.9 | 0.2 | 0.1–0.7 | 0.061‡ |
| 30–39 | 6 | 36.3 | 14.4–73.6 | 0.3 | 0.1–0.8 | |
| ≥ 40 | 1 | 19.6 | 1.1–86.4 | 0.1 | 0.01–0.8 | |
| Latency (years)§ | ||||||
| 5–9 | 3 | 31.8 | 7.9–82.5 | 1.0 | ||
| 10–14 | 10 | 73.1 | 36.6–128.2 | 2.7 | 0.8–12.3 | |
| 15–20 | 5 | 32.3 | 11.6–69.4 | 1.5 | 0.3–8.2 | >0.50‡ |
| > 20 | 5 | 25.3 | 9.1–54.4 | 1.6 | 0.3–9.9 | |
| Cigarette smoking, pack-years | ||||||
| Never | 17 | 41.4 | 24.7–64.3 | 1.0 | ||
| 0.05–1.25 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0–14.1 | 0.0 | 0,0–1.6 | 0.26 |
| 1.3–4 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0–18.5 | 0.0 | 0.0–1.7 | |
| 4.2–9.6 | 2 | 60.6 | 10.1–187.2 | 1.7 | 0.3–6.0 | 0.35‡ |
| >9.6 | 2 | 47.2 | 7.8–145.7 | 1.6 | 0.2–5.7 | |
| Unknown | 2 | 88.1 | 14.7–271.9 | 2.2 | 0.3–7.5 | |
| Alcohol consumption, grams/day‖ | ||||||
| 0 | 5 | 32.5 | 11.7–69.8 | 1.0 | ||
| <27.4 | 5 | 53.6 | 19.2–115.1 | 2.1 | 0.6–7.7 | 0.10 |
| 41.1 | 4 | 56.4 | 17.5–131.0 | 2.2 | 0.5–8.6 | |
| 54.8–109.6 | 5 | 61.2 | 22.0–131.6 | 2.4 | 0.7–9.0 | >0.5‡ |
| > 109.6 | 1 | 13.5 | 0.8–59.4 | 0.5 | 0.03 – 3.4 | |
| Missing | 3 | 27.5 | 6.8–71.2 | 0.9 | 0.2–3.8 | |
Abbreviations: O: Observed number of cases; SIR: standardized incidence ratio; CI: confidence interval; RR: Relative risk; HL: Hodgkin lymphoma; CNS: central nervous system; NHL: non-Hodgkin lymphoma; ~: not applicable.
All relative risks (RR) were adjusted for attained age and radiation dose.
PHET: P for heterogeneity (refer to text for details).
PTrend: P for trend (refer to text for details).
Leukemia was chosen as the reference category because it had the largest number of cases.
Patients were included in the study if they survived at least 5 years after diagnosis of their first cancer.
A standard drink in the U.S. is equal to 13.7 grams (0.6 ounces) of pure alcohol or 12-ounces of beer, 8-ounces of malt liquor, 5-ounces of wine, 1.5-ounces or a “shot” of 80-proof distilled spirits or liquor (e.g., gin, rum, vodka, or whiskey). 12-ounce beer has about the same amount of alcohol as one 5-ounce glass of wine, or 1.5-ounce shot of liquor. It is the amount of ethanol consumed that affects a person most, not the type of alcoholic drink.