Table 3.
Diseases associated with smoke from solid fuel use
| Strongly associated respiratory outcomes |
| COPD- emphysema/chronic bronchitis |
| Acute respiratory tract infections/pneumonia |
| Lung cancer (coal smoke) |
| Weakly associated respiratory outcomes |
| Asthma |
| Tuberculosis |
| Interstitial lung disease |
| Associated non-pulmonary outcomes |
| Cataract |
| Pregnancy-related complications |
| Nasopharyngeal cancer |
| Ischemic heart disease |
| Cor pulmonale |