TABLE 3.
Model 1: Outlet Density, Alcohol Use
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Model 2: Outlet Density, Alcohol Use, Individual-Level Control Variables
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Model 3: Outlet Density, Alcohol Use, Individual- and Community-Level Control Variables
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Predictor Variable | Physical IPV only vs. no IPV (95% CI) | Sexual only or physical & sexual IPV vs. no IPV (95% CI) | Physical IPV only vs. no IPV (95% CI) | Sexual only or physical & sexual IPV vs. no IPV (95% CI) | Physical IPV only vs. no IPV (95% CI) | Sexual only or physical & sexual IPV vs. no IPV (95% CI) |
Alcohol outlet density (ref = low) | ||||||
Medium | 1.05 (0.79–1.42) | 0.90 (0.57–1.40) | 1.06 (0.76–1.46) | 0.78 (0.50–1.23) | 1.19 (0.84–1.70) | 0.71 (0.42–1.21) |
High | 1.34 (0.80–2.25) | 1.49 (0.72–3.06) | 1.61 (0.93–2.79) | 1.40 (0.64–3.05) | 2.07 (1.19–3.63)* | 1.10 (0.46–2.66) |
Alcohol use (ref = abstainer) | ||||||
Light drinking | 0.68 (0.41–1.13) | 0.69 (0.28–1.71) | 0.73 (0.40–1.32) | 0.74 (0.30–1.87) | 0.76 (0.41–1.39) | 0.72 (0.29–1.82) |
Moderate drinking | 1.19 (0.69–2.07) | 0.86 (0.32–2.29) | 1.44 (0.78–2.65) | 0.57 (0.17–1.95) | 1.50 (0.81–2.77) | 0.55 (0.16–1.94) |
Infrequent heavy drinking | 1.43 (0.90–2.27) | 1.58 (0.78–3.19) | 1.78 (1.03–3.05)* | 1.35 (0.64–2.86) | 1.85 (1.07–3.20)* | 1.27 (0.59–2.72) |
Occasional heavy drinking | 1.03 (0.74–1.44) | 1.18 (0.66–2.10) | 1.71 (1.13–2.57)* | 1.45 (0.74–2.83) | 1.80 (1.18–2.73)** | 1.39 (0.69–2.82) |
Frequent heavy drinking | 1.48 (0.92–2.38) | 1.85 (1.01–3.40)* | 2.38 (1.34–4.21)** | 2.26 (1.16–4.41)* | 2.45 (1.39–4.34)** | 2.18 (1.10–4.31)* |
Age in years | 0.90 (0.83–0.98)** | 1.00 (0.88–1.13) | 0.91 (0.84–0.98)* | 0.99 (0.87–1.12) | ||
Race/ethnicity (ref = NH white) | ||||||
Hispanic | 1.52 (1.05–2.19)* | 1.69 (0.90–3.15) | 1.74 (1.13–2.68)* | 1.60 (0.78–3.30) | ||
Non-Hispanic Black | 2.26 (1.62–3.15)*** | 2.28 (1.40–3.71)** | 2.04 (1.46–2.86)*** | 2.57 (1.56–4.23)*** | ||
Non-Hispanic Asian | 0.99 (0.45–2.16) | 3.75 (1.58–8.90)** | 1.20 (0.52–2.79) | 3.42 (1.26–9.32)* | ||
Non-Hispanic Native American | 4.32 (1.38–13.49)* | 3.60 (1.24–10.46)* | 3.94 (1.35–11.54)* | 3.94 (1.26–12.32)* | ||
Marital status (ref = never married to partner) | ||||||
Cohabited with partner | 2.91 (1.99–4.25)*** | 1.58 (0.97–2.59) | 2.88 (1.97–4.19)*** | 1.59 (0.99–2.56) | ||
Ever married to partner | 4.28 (2.81–6.51)*** | 1.85 (0.97–3.54) | 4.29 (2.83–6.51)*** | 1.76 (0.93–3.34) | ||
Neglect as child (yes vs. no) | 1.31 (0.97–1.78) | 1.22 (0.78–1.90) | 1.30 (0.96–1.77) | 1.24 (0.79–1.93) | ||
Sexual abuse as child (yes vs. no) | 1.01 (0.44–2.33) | 0.76 (0.31–1.91) | 1.00 (0.44–2.27) | 0.81 (0.33–1.99) | ||
Physical abuse as child (yes vs. no) | 1.36 (0.96–1.93) | 1.47 (0.94–2.30) | 1.37 (0.97–1.94) | 1.45 (0.93–2.26) | ||
Neighborhood poverty | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 0.99 (0.97–1.00) | ||||
Neighborhood transience | 0.99 (0.99–1.00)*a | 1.01 (1.00–1.02)*b | ||||
Neighborhood foreign-born | 0.45 (0.10–2.09) | 1.85 (0.31–11.15) | ||||
Neighborhood vacant housing | 2.21 (0.17–28.78) | 7.02 (0.43–115.23) |
Note. IPV = intimate partner violence; CI = confidence interval; ref = referent category; NH = non-Hispanic.
CI values are 0.987–0.999 before rounding.
CI values are 1.001–1.020 before rounding.
p < .05.
p < .01.
p < .001.