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. 2012 Nov 19;7(11):e49954. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049954

Figure 1. Effects of SKF83959 on ERK1/2 phosphorylation and cell migration in cultured rat astrocytes.

Figure 1

(A) Cultured cortical astrocytes were identified using GFAP immunofluorescence and Hoechst 33258 staining. Bar: 20 µm. (B) Cultured astrocytes were incubated with 30 µM SKF83959 for 2 to 60 min. (C) A time-course analysis of ERK1/2 phosphorylation levels upon SKF83959 incubation from three independent experiments (Mean ± S.E., n = 3, **P < 0.01 or *P < 0.05, vs. control). (D) Cultured cortical astrocytes were treated with SKF83959 at different concentrations (1, 10, 30, 50, and 100 µM) for 10 min. (E) Quantification of ERK1/2 phosphorylation level in astrocytes upon incubation with different concentrations of SKF83959 in three independent experiments (Mean ± S.E., n = 3, **P < 0.01 or *P < 0.05, vs. control). (F) Effects of PD98059 (20 µM, 30 min), a specific inhibitor of MAP kinase, in SKF83959 (30 µM, 24 h)-induced migration of astrocytes. Bar: 5 µm. (G) Quantification of SKF83959-induced migration of astrocytes upon pretreatment with PD98059 (Mean ± S.E., n = 3, **P < 0.01, 24 h vs. 0 h). N.S.: no significance.