Table 1.
Insurance and Outcomes in the NIS
| Dependent Variable: | Mutually Exclusive Types of Coverage
|
Outcomes | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | (10) | |
| Uninsured | Medicaid | Private | Medicare | Other | CommCare | No Coverage Info | Length of Stay | Log Length of Stay | Emergency Admit | |
| MA* After | −0.0231 | 0.0389 | −0.0306 | 0.0042 | 0.0106 | 0.0124 | 0.0015 | −0.0504 | −0.0012 | −0.0202 |
| [−0.0300, −0.0162]*** | [0.0265,0.0512]*** | [−0.0378, −0.0233]*** | [0.0013,0.0070]*** | [0.0041,0.0171]*** | [0.0123,0.0124]*** | [0.0000,0.0030]** | [−0.0999, −0.0008]** | [−0.0111,0.0086] | [−0.0397, −0.0007]** | |
| [−0.0299, −0.0166]+++ | [0.0293,0.051]+++ | [−0.0385, −0.0236]+++ | [0.0014,0.0068]+++ | [0.0050,0.0181]+++ | [0.0124,0.0125]+++ | [0.0001,0.0029]++ | [−0.1026, −0.0065]++ | [−0.0113,0.0066] | [−0.0351,0.0011]+ | |
| MA* During | −0.0129 | 0.0365 | −0.0224 | −0.0003 | −0.0009 | 0.0029 | −0.0017 | −0.0037 | 0.0037 | −0.0317 |
| [−0.0176, −0.0083]*** | [0.0293,0.0437]*** | [−0.0274, −0.0173]*** | [−0.0024,0.0017] | [−0.0043,0.0026] | [0.0029,0.0029]*** | [−0.0065,0.0031] | [−0.0369,0.0294] | [−0.0022,0.0095] | [−0.0449, −0.0184]*** | |
| [−0.0177, −0.0084]+++ | [0.0302,0.0438]+++ | [−0.0277, −0.0168]+++ | [−0.0025,0.0018] | [−0.0049,0.0026] | [0.0029,0.0029]+++ | [−0.0076,0.0014] | [−0.0367,0.0238] | [−0.0026,0.0084] | [−0.0409, −0.0166]+++ | |
| N (Nonelderly) | 23,860,930 | 23,860,930 | 23,860,930 | 23,860,930 | 23,860,930 | 23,860,930 | 23,913,983 | 23,913,183 | 23,913,183 | 23,913,983 |
| R Squared | 0.0659 | 0.1148 | 0.1502 | 0.0341 | 0.0689 | 0.0249 | 0.0662 | 0.0335 | 0.0458 | 0.1088 |
|
| ||||||||||
| Mean MA Before | 0.0643 | 0.2460 | 0.5631 | 0.1073 | 0.0193 | 0.0000 | 0.0002 | 5.4256 | 1.4267 | 0.3868 |
| Mean Non-MA Before | 0.0791 | 0.2876 | 0.4978 | 0.0928 | 0.0427 | 0.0000 | 0.0020 | 5.0770 | 1.3552 | 0.3591 |
| Mean MA After | 0.0352 | 0.2594 | 0.5518 | 0.1177 | 0.0360 | 0.0165 | 0.0040 | 5.3717 | 1.4355 | 0.4058 |
| Mean Non-MA After | 0.0817 | 0.2790 | 0.4923 | 0.1020 | 0.0450 | 0.0000 | 0.0017 | 5.0958 | 1.3596 | 0.3745 |
|
| ||||||||||
| MA* After with risk adjusters | −0.0228 | 0.0374 | −0.0275 | 0.0021 | 0.0107 | 0.0124 | 0.0014 | −0.1037 | −0.0105 | −0.0220 |
| [−0.0297, −0.0158]*** | [0.0235, 0.0514]*** | [−0.0361, −0.0190]*** | [−0.0007,0.0050] | [0.0047,0.0168]*** | [0.0123,0.0124]*** | [0.0000,0.0028]** | [−0.1471, −0.0603]*** | [−0.0186, −0.0023]** | [−0.0427, −0.0012]** | |
| R Squared | 0.0939 | 0.2232 | 0.2381 | 0.2006 | 0.0761 | 0.0249 | 0.0666 | 0.3801 | 0.4038 | 0.2907 |
95% asymptotic CI clustered by state:
Significant at .01,
Significant at .05,
Significant at .10
95% bootstrapped CI, blocks by state, 1000 reps:
Significant at .01,
Significant at .05,
Significant at .10
All specifications and means weighted using discharge weights.
All specifications include hospital fixed effects and time fixed effects for 2004 to 2008, quarterly.
Risk adjusters include six sets of risk adjustment variables: demographic characteristics, the number of diagnoses on the discharge record, individual components of the Charlson Score measure of comorbidities, AHRQ comorbidity measures, All-Patient Refined (APR)-DRGs, and All-Payer Severity-adjusted (APS)-DRGs. See Appendix 2.
CommCare included in Other. No Coverage Info not included in any other specifications.
Length of Stay is calculated as one plus the discharge date minus the admission date. The smallest possible value is one day. Emergency Admit indicates emergency room source of admission.
Source: HCUP NIS 2004–2008 authors’ calculations. See text for more details.