Table 4.
Walkability parameters, vehicle ownership and walking for transportation (amount*)
| a paths | b pathsa | c paths | c’ paths | Indirect effects (a paths*b paths) | Proportion mediated | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residential density |
−0.49 |
−0.11 |
0.26 |
0.21 |
0.05 |
19% |
| |
(−0.56; -0.41) |
(−0.18; -0.03) |
(0.14; 0.38) |
(0.08; 0.33) |
(0.02; 0.09) |
|
| Residential density |
−0.45 |
−0.11 |
0.28 |
0.24 |
0.05 |
18% |
| (Full modelb) |
(−0.53; -0.37) |
(−0.18; -0.03) |
(0.16; 0.40) |
(0.12; 0.36) |
(0.02; 0.08) |
|
| Street connectivity |
−0.002 |
−0.137 |
0.003 |
0.002 |
0.0003 |
11% |
| |
(−0.004; -0.001) |
(−0.207; -0.067) |
(0.000; 0.005) |
(0.000; 0.004) |
(0.0001; 0.0007) |
|
| Street connectivity |
n/a |
n/a |
0.002 |
0.002 |
n/a |
n/a |
| (Full modelb) |
|
|
(0.000; 0.005) |
(−0.000; 0.004) |
|
|
| Land use mix |
−0.98 |
−0.09 |
0.53 |
0.44 |
0.09 |
17% |
| |
(−1.12; -0.86) |
(−0.16; -0.02) |
(0.33; 0.74) |
(0.23; 0.66) |
(0.02; 0.16) |
|
| Land use mix |
−0.87 |
−0.09 |
0.58 |
0.50 |
0.08 |
14% |
| (Full modelb) | (−1.00; -0.74) | (−0.17; -0.02) | (0.37; 0.79) | (0.27; 0.73) | (0.02; 0.15) |
Numbers represent regression coefficients (95% CI).
*Only individuals that have reported some walking are included and values are log-transformed.
a paths: Associations between walkability parameters and vehicle ownership.
b paths: Associations between vehicle ownership and walking for active transportation (log-transformed min/week).
c paths: Associations between walkability parameters and walking for active transportation (log-transformed min/week).
c’ paths: c paths adjusted for vehicle ownership.
ab paths are not based on the walkability parameters.
bAdjusted for age, gender, income and marital status.
n/a: Not applicable (as no significant association was found between the walkability parameter and the physical activity outcome).