Table 2.
Risk factors for dysfunctional breathing (multiple regression analysis)
| Risk factor | Beta | St.Err of beta | B | S.Err of B | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Female sex |
0.044035 |
0.053897 |
0.032830 |
0.040182 |
0.416651 |
|
Obesity |
−0.027895 |
0.054722 |
−0.020812 |
0.040828 |
0.611803 |
|
Atopy |
0.039556 |
0.056458 |
0.046908 |
0.066951 |
0.485822 |
|
Active smoker |
−0.044177 |
0.052323 |
−0.042061 |
0.049817 |
0.401331 |
|
Moderate/severe rhinitis |
0.086165 |
0.054499 |
0.065263 |
0.041278 |
0.118311 |
|
Psychopathology |
0.395755 |
0.076665 |
0.406942 |
0.078832 |
0.000002* |
|
GERD |
0.087420 |
0.080967 |
0.103668 |
0.096015 |
0.283928 |
|
High blood pressure |
−0.011727 |
0.054169 |
−0.016319 |
0.075377 |
0.829222 |
|
Severe asthma |
−0.057307 |
0.074725 |
−0.048295 |
0.062974 |
0.445681 |
|
Lack of asthma control |
−0.437868 |
0.072179 |
−0.407959 |
0.067249 |
<0.0000001* |
|
Asthma duration > 5 years |
−0.038431 |
0.058607 |
−0.029108 |
0.044390 |
0.514114 |
|
Fixed airway obstruction |
−0.073994 |
0.053388 |
−0.081121 |
0.058531 |
0.170100 |
|
Fast FEV1 decline |
0.039443 |
0.057331 |
0.051653 |
0.075078 |
0.493702 |
|
Frequent exacerbator |
0.177586 |
0.070043 |
0.151735 |
0.059847 |
0.013436* |
|
Brittle asthma |
−0.024448 |
0.063002 |
−0.036526 |
0.094127 |
0.699140 |
|
Lack of ICS |
0.025523 |
0.071903 |
0.019043 |
0.053646 |
0.723664 |
|
Use of LABA as add-on |
0.031491 |
0.094519 |
0.025350 |
0.076089 |
0.739988 |
| Use of LTRA | 0.068785 | 0.051638 | 0.056558 | 0.042459 | 0.187104 |
* p value statistically significant.